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Determinação dos Superávits do Governo Central Brasileiro: Influência da Política Monetária na Ótica de Regressões de Limiar

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  • Bernardo Patta Schettini

Abstract

Este texto estuda a determinação dos superávits do governo central brasileiro. Para dados trimestrais de 1996 a 2011, a estratégia empírica envolveu: i) modelos de quebra estrutural e estimativas não lineares no nível da dívida pública para lidar com a inércia percebida após 1999, diante de níveis elevados de endividamento; ii) regressões de limiar que levam em consideração a influência da política monetária no campo fiscal; e iii) comparação das estimativas por meio de estatísticas de previsão. É válido destacar as seguintes indicações: i) existe uma tendência para redução dos superávits como proporção do produto interno bruto (PIB), dada a queda persistente na relação dívida-PIB; ii) a inflação do índice de preços ao consumidor amplo (IPCA) e os gastos com juros constituem variáveis de estado na determinação dos superávits; e iii) o cenário da política fiscal depende de como essas variáveis irão se comportar após os cortes na taxa Selic feitos no ciclo recente de expansão monetária. This paper studies the determination of the surpluses of the Brazilian central government. For quarterly data from 1996 through 2011, the empirical strategy included: i) structural break models and nonlinear estimates on the level of public debt, to handle the inertia after 1999, for high levels of indebtedness; ii) threshold regressions, which account for the influence of monetary policy in the fiscal stance; and iii) a comparison of the estimates by the means of forecast statistics. The following indications are noteworthy: i) there is a tendency to reduce de surpluses as a proportion of GDP, due to the persistent decline in the debt-to-GDP ratio; ii) the CPI inflation and the interest outlays represent state variables in the determination of the surpluses; and iii) the scenario for fiscal policy depends on how those variables will behave after the cuts in the Selic rate in the recent cycle of monetary expansion.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernardo Patta Schettini, 2013. "Determinação dos Superávits do Governo Central Brasileiro: Influência da Política Monetária na Ótica de Regressões de Limiar," Discussion Papers 1822, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1822
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