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Políticas de Conteúdo Local no Setor Petrolífero: O Caso Brasileiro e a Experiência Internacional

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  • Carlos Eduardo Ramos Xavier Junior

Abstract

Os impactos da exploração e produção (E&P) de grandes reservas de petróleo e gás natural sobre a economia de um país são bastante controversos. Certos países têm demonstrado incapacidade de se desenvolver com base nestes recursos enquanto outros conseguem atingir o sucesso. Um importante fator nessa equação são as regras de conteúdo local (CL), que podem obrigar a indústria petroleira a utilizar insumos nacionais, podendo influenciar positivamente ou negativamente o resultado obtido. Este trabalho analisa o caso brasileiro com base na experiência internacional e conclui que, apesar de já ter obtido certo grau de sucesso, a política brasileira de CL deve ser melhorada com o objetivo de minimizar o risco de ocorrência da Doença Holandesa de modo a: i) fortalecer o papel da Coordenação de Conteúdo Local da Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP) de fiscalização e transparência; ii) conhecer melhor os desdobramentos da indústria petrolífera para a economia nacional; e iii) considerar capacidade e potencial de especialização da indústria nacional. Palavras-chave: Brasil; recursos minerais; petróleo; desenvolvimento econômico; conteúdo local. The impacts of the exploration and production of large oil and gas reserves in a national economy are controversial. Several countries have shown a lack of capacity to develop based on these resources, while others achieve success. One important part of this equation are the local content rules adopted, that may force the oil companies into buying locally-produced supplies, which may influence the results attained either positively or negatively. The present work analyses the Brazilian case based on the international experience and concludes that, despite attaining a certain degree of success, the Brazilian local content policy should be enhanced as a way to minimize the risks of contracting the Dutch Disease by i) strengthening the controlling and transparency responsibilities of the local content coordination at ANP; ii) acknowledging the consequences of the oil industry to the national economy; and iii) considering the capability and specialization potential of the national industry.. Keywords: Brazil; mineral resources; petroleum; economic development; local content.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Eduardo Ramos Xavier Junior, 2012. "Políticas de Conteúdo Local no Setor Petrolífero: O Caso Brasileiro e a Experiência Internacional," Discussion Papers 1775, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1775
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    Keywords

    brazil; mineral resources; petroleum; economic development; local content.;
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