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Gestão das Águas: Experiências Internacional e Brasileira

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  • César Nunes de Castro

Abstract

Muitos conflitos ocorrem atualmente ao redor do mundo em função de disputas pela utilização da água. Em muitas importantes bacias hidrográficas, a água é cada vez mais escassa. No Brasil, algumas regiões enfrentam problemas de deficiência hídrica, como o semiárido nordestino e algumas regiões metropolitanas (RMs). O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar o sistema de gestão das águas no Brasil. A gestão dos recursos hídricos iniciou uma nova fase com a aprovação da Lei no 9.433/1997, que trata da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos. Certamente, algumas das inovações introduzidas por este novo arranjo jurídico-institucional promoveram melhorias na gestão da água no Brasil e, consequentemente, em seu uso mais sustentável. Entretanto, ainda existem aspectos a serem aprimorados; entre estes, promoção de equidade no acesso à água, melhorias no sistema de gestão, aumento da eficiência na utilização da água e maior aproveitamento de fontes alternativas de recursos hídricos. Palavras-Chave: Recursos-hídricos, gerenciamento, bacias hidrográficas, Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos. Many conflicts currently take place around the world due to disputes over water use. In many major river basins of the world, water is increasingly scarce. In Brazil, some regions face problems of water deficiency, such as the Northeastern semi-arid region and some metropolitan areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the water management system in Brazil. The management of water resources started a new phase with the approval of Brazilian Law 9433/97, which deals with the Brazilian water resources Policy. Certainly, some of the innovations introduced by this new legal and institutional arrangement resulted in improvements in water management in Brazil and, consequently, promoted its` more sustainable use. However, there are still aspects to be improved including promotion of equity in access to water, improvements in system management, increased efficiency in water use and and greater usage of alternative sources of water to further enhance the water availability in Brazil, specially in the more water-scarce regions. Key-Words: Water resources, management, river basins, Brazilian water resources policy.

Suggested Citation

  • César Nunes de Castro, 2012. "Gestão das Águas: Experiências Internacional e Brasileira," Discussion Papers 1744, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1744
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