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Além da Autossuficiência: O Brasil Como Protagonista no Setor Energético

Author

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  • Pedro Silva Barros
  • Giorgio Romano Schutte
  • Luiz Fernando Sanná Pinto

Abstract

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as implicações econômicas, políticas e estratégicas das transformações do cenário energético brasileiro, considerando seus possíveis impactos sobre a inserção internacional do país. Para tanto, traça-se o panorama energético global discutindo o papel dos principais players do setor na evolução recente dos preços do petróleo e da parcela representada por cada fonte de energia na oferta global. Em seguida, há seções sobre a importância geopolítica do desenvolvimento das indústrias de petróleo, de etanol e nuclear no Brasil, apontando as tendências e os debates de cada segmento. Da análise, conclui-se que o esforço brasileiro de evitar restrições energéticas ao processo de desenvolvimento, além de ter garantidas a diversificação da matriz e a autossuficiência, encetou progressos tecnológicos e institucionais muito relevantes para as indústrias do setor, de modo a criar as condições para que, hoje, o país desponte como um relevante exportador líquido de energia. Palavras-Chave: Energia; Brasil; Petróleo; Etanol; Nuclear The objective of this paper is to analyze the implications of the economic, strategic and political transformation of the Brazilian energetic scenario, considering their possible impact on the country`s international insertion. For this purpose, a global energy outlook will be presented, which discusses the role of key players in the sector recent developments in oil prices and the participation of the different energy sources in global supply. Subsequently, the article will analyze the geopolitical importance of oil, nuclear and ethanol industries evolution in Brazil, highlighting trends and debates in each segment. The analysis concludes that the effort to avoid energy constraints to the development process, besides having achieved diversification of the energetic matrix and self-sufficiency, started off relevant institutional and technological progress in the various energy industries, which created the conditions that, currently, made the country emerge as a relevant net energy exporter. Key-Words: Energy; Brazil; Oil; Ethanol; Nuclear

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Silva Barros & Giorgio Romano Schutte & Luiz Fernando Sanná Pinto, 2012. "Além da Autossuficiência: O Brasil Como Protagonista no Setor Energético," Discussion Papers 1725, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1725
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