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Resultado Fiscal Estrutural: Um Passo Para a Institucionalização de Políticas Anticíclicas no Brasil

Author

Listed:
  • Sérgio Wulff Gobetti
  • Raphael Rocha Gouvêa
  • Bernardo Patta Schettini

Abstract

Este trabalho estima o resultado fiscal primário estrutural - livre da influência de flutuações no produto interno bruto (PIB) e no preço do petróleo - para o governo central e administrações públicas de 1997 ao segundo trimestre de 2010, adaptando a metodologia do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI) para levar em conta particularidades do caso brasileiro. Esse procedimento requer que se estimem o PIB tendencial e as elasticidades dos principais componentes do orçamento com relação ao PIB e ao preço do petróleo. Para obter uma série suavizada do PIB (e do preço do petróleo), trabalhamos com o filtro Hodrick-Prescott (HP). Para estimar as elasticidades, usamos vários métodos permitindo não linearidades nos dados. Não realizamos ajustes nas séries de despesas, dado que estas parecem ter exibido comportamento pró-cíclico. Em resumo, as estatísticas indicam que o período analisado foi marcado por dois grandes ciclos de política fiscal: um primeiro de contração fiscal, que se prolongou até o fim de 2005; e outro de expansão fiscal, a partir de 2006. Os cálculos realizados com as elasticidades mais conservadoras também mostram que a expansão fiscal de 2009, durante a crise, teria sido de aproximadamente 0,7% e de 0,2% a 0,4%do PIB na esfera federal e no consolidado da administração pública, respectivamente. Os resultados parciais de 2010, por sua vez, indicam que a expansão fiscal na administração pública sofreu um impulso neste ano (de 0,2% e 0,4% para 0,8% a 09% do PIB). Desta vez, entretanto, são principalmente os governos regionais que fazem o resultado fiscal estrutural cair, provavelmente em função da proximidade das eleições. This paper estimates the primary structural budget balance (eliminating the effects due to cyclical fluctuations in GDP and oil price) for the central government and public administrations from 1997 to the second quarter of 2010. Some adjustments were made on the IMF methodology to account for singularities of the Brazilian case. These procedures demand estimates for the trend GDP, as well as elasticities of the main i. The versions in English of the abstracts of this series have not been edited by Ipea?s editorial department. As versões em língua inglesa das sinopses (abstracts) desta coleção não são objeto de revisão pelo Editorial do Ipea. components of the government budget with respect to GDP and oil price. To obtain a smoothed series for GDP (and oil price), we used the Hodrick-Prescott filter. To estimate the elasticities, we applied various techniques allowing for nonlinearities in the data. We did not perform any adjustment for the expenditure series, given they seem to have exhibited a procyclical behavior. In a nutshell, the statistics allow us to distinguish two big cycles of fiscal policy in the period under analysis: one of fiscal contraction, which was extended until the end of 2005; and another of fiscal expansion, from 2006 on. The calculations performed with the most conservative elasticities also suggest that the fiscal expansion in 2009, during the crises, was of approximately 0,7% of GDP in the federal level and 0,2-0,4% of GDP in the public administrations as a whole. The partial results for 2010 indicate an impulse in the public administrations expenditure (from 0,2-0,4 to 0,4-0,8% of GDP). Nonetheless, the regional governments seemed now to have played a more central role, probably due to the proximity of the elections.

Suggested Citation

  • Sérgio Wulff Gobetti & Raphael Rocha Gouvêa & Bernardo Patta Schettini, 2010. "Resultado Fiscal Estrutural: Um Passo Para a Institucionalização de Políticas Anticíclicas no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1515, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1515
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    Cited by:

    1. Pedro Rossi & AndreÌ Biancarelli, 2014. "The macroeconomic policy in a social-developmentalist strategy," Competence Centre on Money, Trade, Finance and Development 1406, Hochschule fuer Technik und Wirtschaft, Berlin.

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