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Labor Market Regulations and the Duration of Employment in Brazil

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  • Ricardo Paes de Barros
  • Carlos Henrique Corseuil
  • Mônica Bahia

Abstract

The objective of the paper is to estimate the impact of an increase of dismissal penalties, implemented by the 1988 Brazilian constitution, on the duration of employment spells. After a simple comparison of estimates of this variable in periods pre and post 1988 we made use of two alternative methods to estimate the impact we are looking for. The first method use control groups in order to separate the impact of underlying changes in the macroeconomic environment from the impact of the constitutional change. Accordingly, we proceed by breaking down the overall population into two groups, the so-called the treatment and control groups and then apply what is known as differences-in-differences methodology. The second method would essentially consist of regressing monthly or yearly estimates for the duration of employment spells on an indicator for the constitutional change, controlling for a set of macroeconomic indicators. The estimated coefficient on this indicator would then be an estimate of the impact of the constitutional change on the hazard rate. This procedure also allow us to test the validity of all control groups on which we base part of our empirical analysis. O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar o impacto do aumento do valor das multas pagas aos trabalhadores demitidos na duração do emprego. Este valor foi bastante elevado pela Constituição de 1988. Além de uma simples comparação da duração em períodos anteriores e posteriores à Constituição, são implementadas duas alternativas para estimar o impacto mencionado. A primeira faz uso de um método quase-experimental que permite isolar o impacto da regulação do impacto oriundo das transformações macroeconômicas experimentadas pelo Brasil. Este método se baseia em uma divisão da população em dois grupos denominados controle (não afetado pela regulação) e tratamento. O contraste entre a evolução dos dois grupos nos fornece uma estimativa do impacto da regulação. A segunda alternativa se baseia em regressões envolvendo estimativas da duração de emprego bem como um indicador da mudança constitucional controlando por uma série de indicadores macroeconômicos. O coeficiente associado ao indicador da constituição é tomado como uma estimativa do impacto da regulação. Este procedimento também permite checar se os grupos usados como controle atendem os requisitos necessários para desempenhar este papel.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Paes de Barros & Carlos Henrique Corseuil & Mônica Bahia, 2015. "Labor Market Regulations and the Duration of Employment in Brazil," Discussion Papers 0089, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:0089
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    Cited by:

    1. Gustavo Gonzaga, 2003. "Labor Turnover and Labor Legislation in Brazil," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2003), pages 165-222, August.

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