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Search Externalities in Firm-to-Firm Trade

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  • John A Spray

Abstract

I develop a model of firm-to-firm search and matching to show that the impact of falling trade costs on firm sourcing decisions and consumer welfare depends on the relative size of search externalities in domestic and international markets. These externalities can be positive if firms share information about potential matches, or negative if the market is congested. Using unique firm-to-firm transaction-level data from Uganda, I document empirical evidence consistent with positive externalities in international markets and negative externalities in domestic markets. I then build a dynamic quantitative version of the model and show that, in Uganda, a 25% reduction in trade costs led to a 3.7% increase in consumer welfare, 12% of which was due to search externalities.

Suggested Citation

  • John A Spray, 2021. "Search Externalities in Firm-to-Firm Trade," IMF Working Papers 2021/091, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2021/091
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    Cited by:

    1. Macchiavello, Rocco, 2022. "Relational contracts and development," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 116662, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Lafond, François & Astudillo-Estévez, Pablo & Bacilieri, Andrea & Borsos, András, 2023. "Firm-level production networks: what do we (really) know?," INET Oxford Working Papers 2023-08, Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford.

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