In Japan, as in other developed countries, smoking rates have been decreasing among men but it has been increasing among women. The prevalence of smoking may relate to accompanying gender differences in the labor market. The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine how occupation affects smoking behavior, with a particular emphasis on the differential effects for gender. The types of occupations have significant effects on smoking for both men and women, even after controlling for employment status, income, education, and demographic characteristics. Furthermore, the detailed classification of occupation reveals the stark difference in a response to the types of occupations among men and women, while showing the similarity in a response to cigarette price, income and education. The results suggest that smoking cessation policies should be designed more effectively with taking into consideration for gender differences of occupation on smoking.
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Paper provided by Center for Intergenerational Studies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University in its series PIE/CIS Discussion Paper with number
411.