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Aux origines nietzschéennes des ambiguïtés du concept d'entrepreneur : Schumpeter lecteur de Nietzsche

Author

Listed:
  • Nathanaël Colin-Jaeger

    (TRIANGLE - Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - IEP Lyon - Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Étienne Wiedemann

    (ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon)

Abstract

La figure de l'entrepreneur est aujourd'hui utilisée dans une grande variété de discours publics. Ce travail cherche à remonter à l'une des sources théoriques de la constitution de cette figure : la théorie de l'entrepreneur de Schumpeter en 1911. Ce retour montre que Schumpeter, dans son contexte intellectuel et théorique, est amené à importer une anthropologie philosophique en économie, celle de Nietzsche, auteur largement lu dans l'Autriche du début du XXème siècle. En transposant, à l'intérieur de sa théorie économique, certaines caractéristiques majeures du grand homme créatif nietzschéen dans la figure de l'entrepreneur, Schumpeter développe une explication originale de la nature dynamique du marché et de l'évolution économique. Néanmoins il importe aussi de Nietzsche une série d'ambiguïtés, notamment en ce qui concerne l'origine de l'exceptionnalité individuelle de l'entrepreneur, et plus particulièrement de sa puissance créatrice. Une seconde ambiguïté est très largement héritée, qui concerne l'extension du modèle de l'individu entrepreneur : constitue-t-il une théorie de l'action valable pour tous les individus ou uniquement pour un type d'individus particuliers ? Comment concilier exceptionnalité de l'entrepreneur et norme d'un entreprenariat pour tous ? La dernière partie de ce travail s'attache ainsi à explorer ces ambiguïtés, qui apparaissent chez Schumpeter et ses successeurs, notamment Israël Kirzner.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathanaël Colin-Jaeger & Étienne Wiedemann, 2021. "Aux origines nietzschéennes des ambiguïtés du concept d'entrepreneur : Schumpeter lecteur de Nietzsche," Post-Print halshs-03271422, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03271422
    DOI: 10.3917/rpec.222.0089
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03271422
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nathanaël Colin-Jaeger & Thomas Delcey, 2020. "When Efficient Market Hypothesis Meets Hayek on Information: Beyond a Methodological Reading," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-01933895, HAL.
    2. Nathanaël Colin-Jaeger & Thomas Delcey, 2020. "When efficient market hypothesis meets Hayek on information: beyond a methodological reading," Post-Print hal-01933895, HAL.
    3. Enrico Santarelli & Enzo Pesciarelli, 1990. "The Emergence of a Vision: The Development of Schumpeter's Theory of Entrepreneurship," History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, vol. 22(4), pages 677-696, Winter.
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    6. André Lapied & Sophie Swaton, 2013. "L'entrepreneur schumpétérien est-il surhumain ?," Post-Print hal-01499619, HAL.
    7. Nathanaël Colin-Jaeger & Thomas Delcey, 2020. "When efficient market hypothesis meets Hayek on information: beyond a methodological reading," Journal of Economic Methodology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 97-116, April.
    8. Alexandre Chirat, 2017. "Nietzsche et le travail : ce « vice » de notre époque," Post-Print halshs-01919799, HAL.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Keywords

    Nietzsche; Schumpeter; Kirzner; Entrepreneur; Néolibéralisme;
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