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Mutualité et capitalisme entre 1789 et 1947 : de la subversion à l'intégration

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  • Nicolas da Silva

    (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Cet article propose une relecture de l'histoire économique de la mutualité entre 1789 et 1947 au prisme de son rapport au capitalisme. Alors qu'après la Révolution française et jusqu'à la Commune de Paris la mutualité est une institution ambiguë, entre subversion et intégration au capitalisme, à partir de 1871 elle s'insère largement au capitalisme. C'est à cette période que se séparent mutualisme et syndicalisme. Initialement, les classes populaires sont contraintes de s'auto-organiser pour survivre au dépérissement des protections de l'Ancien Régime et au libéralisme asymétrique de la bourgeoisie. Toute la finesse de la réglementation de l'État sous le Second Empire et de la IIIème République est d'essayer d'intégrer la mutualité pour en vider le contenu contestataire. Contrairement aux interprétations classiques, on peut alors dire que la Sécurité sociale de 1945 n'est pas la revanche des syndicalistes sur les mutualistes mais celle d'une certaine forme de la mutualité contre une autre.

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  • Nicolas da Silva, 2020. "Mutualité et capitalisme entre 1789 et 1947 : de la subversion à l'intégration," Post-Print hal-03228414, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03228414
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03228414
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mehrdad Vahabi & Philippe Batifoulier & Nicolas Silva, 2020. "A theory of predatory welfare state and citizen welfare: the French case," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 182(3), pages 243-271, March.
    2. Philippe Batifoulier & Nicolas da Silva & Victor Duchesne, 2019. "The dynamics of conventions: the case of the French Social Security System," Post-Print hal-01994383, HAL.
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