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Gender Gap in Numeracy and the Role of Marital Status. Evidence from 19th century France
[Disparités hommes-femmes en numératie et rôle du statut marital. Témoignage du cas français au 19ème siècle]

Author

Listed:
  • Faustine Perrin

    (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Skane University Hospital [Lund])

Abstract

Evidence of conventional human capital indicators (e.g. literacy, educational attainment, years of schooling) by marital status is rare or inexistent for the period prior to the 20th century. An indicator of human capital frequently used for the pre-1900 period is the age heaping. We employ this method to chart and analyze the heterogeneity and gender-specific differences of cognitive abilities (numeracy) across France in the mid- 19th century by marital status. We find that married women heap significantly less than unmarried women, while single men heap less than married men. We explore the reliability of four hypotheses to explain those differences. We find that married and non-married women's data are prone to bias and must be used carefully when accounting for basic numeracy skills. Yet, we find a robust correlation between literacy and numeracy. Our findings suggest that married women's numeracy skills are more closely linked with indicators of human capital, e.g. enrollment rates, than non-married women's and men's numeracy skills.

Suggested Citation

  • Faustine Perrin, 2020. "Gender Gap in Numeracy and the Role of Marital Status. Evidence from 19th century France [Disparités hommes-femmes en numératie et rôle du statut marital. Témoignage du cas français au 19ème siècle," Post-Print hal-03208148, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03208148
    DOI: 10.3917/redp.301.0051
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    Cited by:

    1. Brian A'Hearn & Alexia Delfino & Alessandro Nuvolari, 2022. "Rethinking age heaping: a cautionary tale from nineteenth‐century Italy," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 75(1), pages 111-137, February.
    2. Kempter, Elisabeth & Upadhayay, Neha Bhardwaj, 2022. "Uncovering the role of education in the uptake of preventive measures against Malaria in the African population," University of Tübingen Working Papers in Business and Economics 155, University of Tuebingen, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, School of Business and Economics.
    3. Youssouf Merouani & Faustine Perrin, 2022. "Gender and the long-run development process. A survey of the literature [Rethinking age heaping: A cautionary tale from nineteenth-century Italy]," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 26(4), pages 612-641.

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