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L’invention d’un système monétaire national : banques d’émission, supervision bancaire et développement financier en Belgique (1822-1872)

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  • Stefano Ugolini

    (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT - Université de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville)

Abstract

In most 19th-century centralized states, national monetary unification has been attained thanks to the creation of provincial branch networks by banks of issue. Through a case study on Belgium, this paper investigates the causes and consequences of this phenomenon, as well as its operational implications. It shows that political pressure – aimed at reducing credit rationing, and hence at fostering economic development – was a key factor in pushing reluctant central bankers to extend their operations outside domestic financial centers. The success of monetary unification crucially depended on the incentive structure embedded in the implemented supervisory policies – aimed at reducing risk-taking in the provinces.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefano Ugolini, 2016. "L’invention d’un système monétaire national : banques d’émission, supervision bancaire et développement financier en Belgique (1822-1872)," Post-Print hal-01357723, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01357723
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://univ-tlse2.hal.science/hal-01357723
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    Keywords

    Central banking; Banking supervision; Financial development; Banques centrales; Supervision bancaire; Développement financier;
    All these keywords.

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