Indonesian tourism policy has generally been top-down and biased towards attracting international mass tourism and encouraging large, capital intensive projects. However, this paper examines locally owned, bottom-up tourism that developed to service backpackers (budget tourists). Recent fieldwork, based upon listening to local voices, tracked the uneven but rapid growth of tourism since the 1970's and how it transformed a poor urban village.
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Paper provided by Portsmouth University - Department of Economics in its series Papers with number
107.