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Do Mortgage Lenders Respond to Flood Risk?

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Abstract

Using unique nationwide property-level mortgage, flood risk, and flood map data, we analyze whether lenders respond to flood risk that is not captured in FEMA flood maps. We find that lenders are less willing to originate mortgages and charge higher rates for lower LTV loans that face “un-mapped” flood risk. This effect is weaker for high income applicants, as well as non-banks and small local banks. However, we find evidence that non-banks and local banks are more likely to securitize/sell mortgages to borrowers prone to flood risk. Taken together, our results are indicative that mortgage lenders are aware of flood risk outside FEMA’s identified flood zones.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristian S. Blickle & Evan Perry & João A. C. Santos, 2024. "Do Mortgage Lenders Respond to Flood Risk?," Staff Reports 1101, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednsr:98187
    DOI: 10.59576/sr.1101
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    flood risk; flood maps; bank lending; climate change; natural disasters; Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data; FEMA; credit constraints;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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