Human Capital/Human Intelligence and Neuromorphic Artificial Intelligence: In pursuit of the relevant intelligence concept (Japanese)

There are two current types of artificial intelligence (AI): big data-driven AI (BD-AI) which is currently at the height of its influence and neuromorphic AI (NM-AI) which is expected to be quite prosperous but still lacks practicality. The first objective of this paper is to consider, from the perspective of computer science, semiconductor integrated circuits, and neuroscience as well as economics, why we particularly need to pay attention now to the latter NM-AI which is expected to be the core of AI in the mid- and long-term. Moreover, based on such consideration, we try to clarify what is the intelligence embodied by NM-AI and BD-AI, and discuss the complementarity or substitutability between human capital (HC)/human intelligence (HI) and the future completed version of NM-AI beyond the current BD-AI. More concretely, we try to reclassify and subdivide, in a non-behavioristic way, the suitcase-like word of intelligence which is full of ambiguities. Furthermore, based on the discussion, we try to understand what kinds of (non-) inclusion relation exist between both types of intelligence by referring to "response capabilities to change-causing or unusual situations" and their self-evolvability. In doing this, we will especially take up the following three viewpoints: HP/HI as a social network, the role of emotion as the fast perspective-switching device to cope with change-causing or unusual situations, and the role of emotion as the community forming device to create a wide range of cooperation among people with common knowledge/cultures as well as their diverse mutual intentions.