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Reformas del sistema de pensiones en Chile (1952-2008)

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  • Vargas, Luis Hernán

Abstract

El objetivo de este documento es revisar la historia de las reformas previsionales, desde una perspectiva analítica universalista, que han ocurrido en Chile desde 1924 hasta el debate que está aconteciendo en el país durante el primer semestre de 2017. De este modo, se hace una revisión de los debates políticos y técnicos que fundaron la Caja de Seguro Obrero (1924), su modificación por la creación del Servicio de Seguro Social y las variadas Cajas Previsionales que entregaron pensiones basadas en beneficios definidos con un financiamiento tripartito de reparto (1952). Posteriormente, se examina la reforma previsional de 1980 que suprimió el antiguo sistema de reparto y comenzó con una nueva institucionalidad e industria encargada de administrar las cuentas de capitalización individual. Finalmente, el documento hace un recorrido de las modificaciones coyunturales de los primeros gobiernos democráticos y de la Reforma Previsional que creó el Sistema de Pensiones Solidarias, promulgada por la Presidenta Bachelet el 2008. Finalmente, a modo de epílogo, se presentan los principales ejes del debate previsional y la significancia del anuncio presidencial.

Suggested Citation

  • Vargas, Luis Hernán, 2018. "Reformas del sistema de pensiones en Chile (1952-2008)," Políticas Sociales 43223, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col041:43223
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