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México: impacto de la educación en la pobreza rural

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  • Ordaz, Juan Luis

Abstract

Además de presentar resultados para la población nacional, en su conjunto, en este estudio se evalúa el impacto de la educación primaria y de la secundaria en el sector rural de México sobre tres niveles de pobreza oficialmente aceptados: pobreza alimentaria, de capacidades, y de patrimonio. Con base en la metodología del Propensity Score Matching, se descubre un impacto positivo de la educación en la reducción de la pobreza, con mayor alcance cuando se llega a la secundaria que sólo a la primaria. Para el sector rural, se concluyó que cuando una persona promedio cuenta con la primaria terminada reduce su probabilidad de encontrarse en pobreza alimentaria en 7,3 puntos porcentuales, en pobreza de capacidades en 8,3, y en pobreza de patrimonio en 6,1, lo que representa una disminución en las tasas de pobreza de quienes han concluido la primaria de 16%, 15% y 8%, respectivamente. Por su parte, con la educación secundaria, se reduce la probabilidad de encontrarse en pobreza alimentaria en aproximadamente 10,1 puntos porcentuales, en pobreza de capacidades en 11,2 y en pobreza de patrimonio en 9,6. Por todo lo anterior, se observa que el efecto de la educación para los individuos que han estudiado la secundaria disminuye las tasas de pobreza aproximadamente 25% en pobreza alimentaria, 23% en la de capacidades, y 14% en la de patrimonio. Al analizar a la población nacional en su conjunto también se observa que la educación por sí sola se convierte en un instrumento efectivo para ayudar a superar la pobreza. Mexico: the effects of education on rural poverty Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of primary and secondary education in Mexico's national and rural population, in relation to the three levels of poverty: nourishment, capacity and personal assets. Based on the methodology of Propensity Score Matching, the study illustrates the impact of education on the reduction of poverty. Based on it's empirical evidence, the study concludes that when a person ends primary education, he reduces the probability of experiencing nourishment poverty by 7,3%, poverty in terms of capacity is reduced by 8,3%, and poverty in terms of personal assets is reduced by 6, 1%. Secondary education reduces the probability of experiencing a state of nourishment poverty by 10,1%, poverty in terms capacity by 11, 2% and poverty in terms of assets by 9, 6%. The analysis of national population showed that education is an effective instrument for reducing poverty.

Suggested Citation

  • Ordaz, Juan Luis, 2009. "México: impacto de la educación en la pobreza rural," Estudios y Perspectivas – Sede Subregional de la CEPAL en México 4883, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
  • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col031:4883
    Note: Incluye Bibliografía
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/4883
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