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L'endettement extérieur croissant du Canada

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Author Info
Pierre Fortin () (Center for Research on Economic Fluctuations and Employment, UQAM)

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Abstract

The paper attempts to identify the proximate and ultimate causes of Canada's rising external deficit and debt. Over the short period 1985-1992, the proximate sources of the higher deficit have been the terms of trade shift against natural resources exports, the sharp real exchange rate appreciation, and the positive feedback between the rising deficit and the rising debt. The Free Trade Agreement had little noticeable effect on the external deficit, and the recession made it smaller. Over the longer period 1971-1992, the only identifiable ultimate cause of the higher current account deficit is the persistent shift of public finances from approximate balance to large deficit, which has exceeded by far the trend reduction of net private borrowing. Policy prescriptions include continuing fiscal prudence (à la Purvis), expenditure switching through immediate depreciation (à la Johnson), and then reduced exchange rate volatility (à la Mundell).

L'objet de l'étude est l'identification des causes prochaines et ultimes de la hausse récente du déficit et de l'endettement extérieurs du Canada. A court terme (1985-1992),les causes immédiates du phénomène ont été le revirement des termes d'échange contre les exportations de ressources naturelles, la vive appréciation du taux de change réel et la rétroaction défavorable entre la hausse du déficit et celle de la dette. L'Accord de libre-échange n'a pas eu d'effet marqué sur le déficit extérieur; la récession, de son côté, l'a atténué. A long terme (1971-1992), la seule cause ultime et identifiable du déficit accru du compte courant est l'apparition et la persistance de lourd déficits budgétaires dans le secteur public, que la réduction tendancielle des besoins d'emprunt du secteur privé a été insuffisante à financer. Il faut prescrire, dans les circonstances, la poursuite de la prudence budgétaire (à la Purvis), la réorientation de la dépense vers le marché intérieur par une dépréciation immédiate (à la Johnson) et, par la suite, une réduction de l'instabilité du taux de change (à la Mundell).

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by CREFE, Université du Québec à Montréal in its series Cahiers de recherche CREFE / CREFE Working Papers with number 16.

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Length: 26 pages
Date of creation: Jun 1993
Date of revision:
Publication status: Published in G. Paquet et J.-P. Voeyer (dir.), La crise des finances publiques et le désengagement de l'Etat, Association des économistes québécois, Montréal
Handle: RePEc:cre:crefwp:16

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Related research
Keywords: External deficit; Canada; free trade;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
F1 - International Economics - - Trade
H6 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt

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This page was last updated on 2009-11-6.


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