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Evaluación de impacto del proyecto ICARO en la deserción escolar

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  • Abel Andrés Ramírez Molina

Abstract

La necesidad manifiesta de brindar formación adecuada y de competitividad a la población en los niveles de transición, primaria, secundaria y media, propició en Colombia la implementación del proyecto ICARO en el ano 2010, el cual otorgó acceso a educación gratuita y de calidad a 1.938 estudiantes de escasos recursos en Buenaventura, Cúcuta y Montería, en los niveles de secundaria y media en planteles privados, condicionando la permanencia de los mismos en las instituciones educativas. Este documento presenta el estudio y evaluación pertinente para determinar el impacto que tuvo el proyecto en lo que respecta a la deserción escolar, la cual se constituye en indicador para los estudios y análisis de calidad y cobertura de la educación. Dado que la selección de los beneficiarios del proyecto no fue un proceso aleatorio, se realizó un acercamiento para poder inferir causalidad sobre el impacto del programa, aplicando la técnica de Propensity Score Matching para la construcción de un grupo de comparación de individuos no beneficiarios que contaran con características observables pre tratamiento lo más parecidas posibles a las de los beneficiarios. Cómo resultado se pudo evidenciar que el proyecto tuvo el impacto esperado en cuanto a la reducción de la deserción escolar intra anual, pero la deserción inter anual aumentó como producto de la finalización del proyecto en ausencia de una estrategia para la continuidad en la atención a los estudiantes beneficiarios. ***** The transparent application to provide adequate educational training and competitiveness to the school population in the pre-school, elementary, middle, and high levels in Colombia, led to the ICARO project implementation in the year of 2010. This project granted access to free quality education in the middle and high levels of private schools to 1.938 students of low socioeconomic status of Buenaventura, Cúcuta and Montería, by requiring them to stay and complete their education in these institutions. This document presents the study and evaluation relevant to determining the impact of the project in terms of school drop-out, which constitutes an indicator for studies and analysis of quality and coverage of education. Since the selection of the beneficiaries of the project was not a random process, an approach to infer the casual impact of the program was realized applying the technique of "Propensity Score Matching" for the construction of a comparison group of individuals not beneficiaries, who were provided with observable characteristics pretreatment as close as possible to those of the beneficiaries. As a result it became clear that the project had the expected impact in terms of reducing the intra annual school drop-out, however, the inter annual drop-out increased as a result of project ending in the absence of a strategy for continuity of the attention to the students beneficiaries.

Suggested Citation

  • Abel Andrés Ramírez Molina, 2013. "Evaluación de impacto del proyecto ICARO en la deserción escolar," Documentos de trabajo 17692, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017692
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