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La visión del sector empresarial de la educación media

Author

Listed:
  • Amy Ritterbusch
  • Sebastián León Giraldo
  • Julián Felipe Gutiérrez
  • Darío Maldonado

Abstract

En Colombia, para el 2014 aproximadamente el 49,57 % de graduados de la educación media ingresó directamente al mercado laboral. En un país en el que la educación terciaria no está en capacidad de absorber a la mayoría de graduados de la educación media, es fundamental preguntarse sobre la forma como los empresarios perciben la educación secundaria. Para responder a esta inquietud, a partir de una metodología cualitativa con enfoque participativo (encuestas a representantes del sector empresarial y de instituciones de educación media y terciaria), se priorizaron las necesidades actuales de la educación media de acuerdo con los requerimientos del sector empresarial y se compararon estas necesidades con las percepciones de las instituciones educativas de educación media y terciaria. Este componente se pregunta por: la visión de las empresas sobre la educación media; la percepción del empresariado sobre los trabajadores cuyo último nivel educativo es la educación media; y cuáles competencias deben tener este tipo de trabajadores y cuáles falta desarrollar en la educación media. Los resultados del componente sugieren que tanto el sector empresarial como el educativo perciben que, en términos generales, la formación académica de los estudiantes es la apropiada, aunque presenta altos déficits en el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales, situación que les dificulta a los egresados asumir los retos que les presentan tanto la educación terciaria como el ambiente laboral. Por otra parte, aunque tanto el empresariado como el sector educativo consideran que la función de la educación media es formar a los estudiantes para que participen activamente en la sociedad, el empresariado la concibe más como una instancia de preparación para la vida laboral, mientras que el sector educativo la entiende ante todo como una etapa de preparación para la vida académica y adulta. Por ende, resulta pertinente generar e implementar un proceso que le permita a la educación media proveer una formación tanto para la academia como para el trabajo, de manera que esta sea satisfactoria para cualquiera de las opciones de vida que tome el egresado. Asimismo, es fundamental que las instituciones educativas se articulen con el empresariado local y regional de modo que el sector educativo pueda responder a las necesidades e intereses regionales y se garantice la inserción efectiva de los estudiantes en el mercado laboral y en la cotidianidad de sus regiones. ***** In 2014, approximately 49.57% of the graduates of secondary education in Colombia went directly into the labor market. In a country where the higher education system is unable to absorb most of the graduates of secondary education it is crucial to inquire about the opinion of businessmen of the secondary education. To address this issue, the authors took a qualitative approach through participatory surveys to representatives of the enterprises, and the secondary and tertiary education sector. From this approach they prioritized the actual needs of the secondary education according to the enterprises and compared them with the perceptions of the secondary and higher education institutions on the matter. This component deals with: the vision of the enterprises on secondary education; the perceptions of businessmen on workers whose last education achievement was secondary education; and which skills should have this kind of workers and which of them are still lacking to be addressed on the actual secondary education system. In general, terms, the results of the component show that: both the enterprises and the education institutions perceive that the graduates of secondary education receive the adequate academic skills, but they lack formation on socioemotional skills in high levels. That lacking of skills makes it harder for the graduates to overcome the challenges that present the integration into the higher education and the work environment. Moreover, even when both the enterprises and the education sector acknowledge that the secondary education is central in the education for the active participation of the students in the society, the enterprises prefer to see it as the preparation for the working life, while the education sector perceives secondary education as the preparation for adulthood and academic life. Therefore, it is necessary to generate and implement a process that allows secondary education to provide the skills for the labor market as well as the academic life and adulthood. Additionally, it is fundamental to articulate the educational institutions with the local and regional private sector to address the local needs for skills and guarantee the successful insertion of the graduates of secondary education into the local labor market.

Suggested Citation

  • Amy Ritterbusch & Sebastián León Giraldo & Julián Felipe Gutiérrez & Darío Maldonado, 2016. "La visión del sector empresarial de la educación media," Documentos de trabajo 17657, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017657
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