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Análisis de los riesgos en las importaciones colombianas

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea De La Hoz
  • Paola Andrea Camargo Montoya
  • Carolina Saldarriaga Arango
  • Dusán Praj

Abstract

Siempre que una empresa realice operaciones de comercio internacional, estará sujeta a algún tipo de riesgo que pueda afectar de manera negativa la continuidad de la empresa y tener consecuencias incluso a largo plazo. En este sentido, la generación de los Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) y con estos el crecimiento en el volumen del comercio exterior colombiano, ha aumentado también la aparición de distintos riesgos a los que se deben enfrentar las empresas involucradas en las operaciones de importación y exportación. Con frecuencia, las empresas realizan muchos esfuerzos por la seguridad del comercio. Sin embargo, si observamos el sector importador específicamente, se evidencia una falta de conciencia en la gestión del riesgo. Este sector no ha detectado aún de manera asertiva cuáles son los riesgos en sus procesos de importación y por lo tanto no se protege contra ellos. En este artículo se realiza una conceptualización de riesgos, identificando cada uno de los posibles riesgos que se presentan en la cadena logística de importación. Además, se realiza un análisis de las importaciones más comunes y los países de donde provienen la mayor cantidad de importaciones para descubrir cuáles son los principales riesgos a los cuales se enfrentan las empresas importadoras colombianas, específicamente de la ciudad de Medellín. Por último, se aborda el marco normativo colombiano para la gestión de riesgos y algunas recomendaciones para las empresas importadoras.******Every time companies carry out international trade operations, they are always subject to any kind of risk that might affect the business continuity and might even have long-term consequences. In this regard, with the emergence of new FTAs and with the growth in the volume of Colombian foreign trade, the appearance of different types of risk in import and export operations, which Colombian companies have to face, has increased. Companies are often making determined efforts for having an adequate security while trading. However, if we take a close look at the import sector, we can notice that there is an evident lack of risk management awareness. This sector has still not detected all the risks concerning to the import processes, and therefore, it is still not aware of this kind of situation. This article tries to conceptualize the risk assessment, identifying all the possible risks that may arise in the import supply chain. Also, it addresses an analysis of Colombia’s most common imports and the countries where the higher amount of imports comes from, so that we can detect the main risks the companies might face, particularly those from Medellin. Finally, this article encompasses the Colombian regulatory framework for risk management and some advices for Colombian importing companies.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea De La Hoz & Paola Andrea Camargo Montoya & Carolina Saldarriaga Arango & Dusán Praj, 2014. "Análisis de los riesgos en las importaciones colombianas," Revista Panorama Económico 15392, Universidad de Cartagena.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000407:015392
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    File URL: http://revistas.unicartagena.edu.co/index.php/panoramaeconomico/article/view/1360/1256
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Risk; supply chain; imports; international trade; risk management; Riesgo; cadena de abastecimiento; importaciones; comercio internacional; gestión del riesgo.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations

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