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Tributación sobre las utilidades empresariales en Colombia: una comparación de los regímenes impositivos de antes y después de la ley 1819 de 2016

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  • Javier Ávila Mahecha
  • Jorge Armando Rodríguez

Abstract

Este ensayo examina los principales cambios en la tributación empresarial en Colombia derivados de la Ley 1819 de 2016. La carga tributaria sobre las utilidades de las sociedades y sobre los dividendos recibidos por sus duenos se estima utilizando un enfoque de tarifas potenciales marginales, que permite valorar el efecto global de la reforma impositiva y los efectos de medidas individuales contenidas en ella, en comparación con lo que presumiblemente habría ocurrido si el régimen tributario precedente se hubiera mantenido vigente. En contra de la interpretación predominante en la teoría económica neoclásica, esas tarifas se describen como potenciales y no como efectivas debido a que no incorporan los efectos de la evasión y la traslación impositivas y a que están sujetas a las contingencias propias de los negocios. Los resultados indican que la carga tributaria potencial empresarial se reducirá de manera notoria en el período 2016-2022 como consecuencia de la reforma, anticipando la reducción que también se habría presentado bajo la legislación anterior. ****** This essay examines the main changes in business taxation in Colombia derived from Law 1819 of 2016. The tax burden on corporate profits and on dividends received by the stockholders is estimated using a marginal potential tax rates approach, which allows assessing the overall effect of the tax reform and the effects of individual measures contained therein, compared with what presumably would have occurred had the previous tax regime been maintained. Contrary to the prevailing interpretation in neoclassical economic theory, such rates are described as potential rather than as effective because they do not incorporate the effects of tax evasion and shifting, and are subject to a variety of business contingencies. The results indicate that the potential business tax burden will be noticeably reduced in the period 2016-2022 as a result of the reform, anticipating the reduction that would also have occurred under the previous legislation.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Ávila Mahecha & Jorge Armando Rodríguez, 2017. "Tributación sobre las utilidades empresariales en Colombia: una comparación de los regímenes impositivos de antes y después de la ley 1819 de 2016," Documentos de Trabajo, Escuela de Economía 15597, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000178:015597
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    File URL: http://fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/docs/escuela-de-economia/88-tributacion-sobre-las-utilidades-empresariales-en-colombia-una-comparacion-de-los-regimenes-impositivos-de-antes-y-despues-de-la-ley-1819-de-2016
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    reforma tributaria; tributación empresarial; carga tributaria nacional; tributación corporativa; tarifas impositivas marginales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm
    • K34 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Tax Law
    • M2 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics

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