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Women's Employment and Fertility in Spain over the Last Twenty Years

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Author Info
Virginia Sanchez-Marcos (Universidad de Cantabria)

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Abstract

Over the past twenty years there has been a 87% increase of the married women's employment rate and a 48% decrease of the fertility rate in Spain. This paper focus on the increase of the marital dissolution rate, following the introduction of the Divorce Law at the beginning of the eighties, as a possible explanation (the probability of divorce went from 0.5% to 2.1%). A model on the economics of the family, in which labor market and fertility decisions are made, is used to measure such e.ects. It is found that the increase of divorce risk explains 15%, 44% or 0% of the change in married women's full-time employment rate, depending on women's education, and 45% of the decrease of the fertility rate. So, contrary to what some people argue, the decrease of the fertility rate observed in Spain is not so closely related to the increase of women attachment to the labor market, there are other possible explanations. The model provides a good framework for the evaluation of certain social policies that target the reconciliation of family and labor life.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Centro de Altisimos Estudios Rios Perez (CAERP) in its series Centro de Alti­simos Estudios Ri­os Pe©rez(CAERP) with number 6.

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Length: 27 pages
Date of creation: 2003
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:cae:caerpp:6

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Raquel Fernandez & Richard Rogerson, 2000. "Sorting and Long-Run Inequality," NBER Working Papers 7508, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. S. Rao Aiyagari & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner, 2000. "On the State of the Union," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(2), pages 213-244, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Juan Carlos Conesa, 2002. "Educational attainment and timing of fertility decisions," Working Papers in Economics 78, Universitat de Barcelona. Espai de Recerca en Economia. [Downloadable!]
  4. Sander, William, 1985. "Women, Work, and Divorce," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(3), pages 519-23, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & John Knowles, 2000. "Women on Welfare: A Macroeconomic Analysis," RCER Working Papers 466, University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Sen, Bisakha, 2000. "How important is anticipation of divorce in married women's labor supply decisions? An intercohort comparison using NLS data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 209-216, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Altug, Sumru & Miller, Robert A, 1998. "The Effect of Work Experience on Female Wages and Labour Supply," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 65(1), pages 45-85, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Johnson, William R & Skinner, Jonathan, 1986. "Labor Supply and Marital Separation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 76(3), pages 455-69, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Elizabeth M. Caucutt & Nezih Guner & John Knowles, 2001. "The Timing of Births: A Marriage Market Analysis," Penn CARESS Working Papers 49355d43c11f2314075e8b54e, Penn Economics Department. [Downloadable!]
  10. Hotz, V Joseph & Miller, Robert A, 1988. "An Empirical Analysis of Life Cycle Fertility and Female Labor Supply," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 56(1), pages 91-118, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Rocio Sánchez-Mangas & Virginia Sánchez-Marcos, . "Reconciling female labor participation and motherhood: the effect of benefits for working mothers," Studies on the Spanish Economy 195, FEDEA. [Downloadable!]
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