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Taxation challenges of population ageing: comparative evidence from the European Union, the United States and Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Fructuoso Borrallo

    (Banco de España)

  • Susana Párraga-Rodríguez

    (Banco de España)

  • Javier J. Pérez

    (Banco de España)

Abstract

Using microdata from the European Union, the United States and Japan, we show that the elderly bear lower effective tax rates than the young. This difference is explained by the income gap and the different generational consumption baskets. However, tax reforms enacted in recent decades have led to an increase in the relative contribution of the elderly to public finances.

Suggested Citation

  • Fructuoso Borrallo & Susana Párraga-Rodríguez & Javier J. Pérez, 2021. "Taxation challenges of population ageing: comparative evidence from the European Union, the United States and Japan," Occasional Papers 2102, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:opaper:2102e
    as

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    population ageing; tax collection; direct taxes; indirect taxes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination

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