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Taxation of a GMWB Variable Annuity in a Stochastic Interest Rate Model

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  • Andrea Molent

Abstract

Modeling taxation of Variable Annuities has been frequently neglected but accounting for it can significantly improve the explanation of the withdrawal dynamics and lead to a better modeling of the financial cost of these insurance products. The importance of including a model for taxation has first been observed by Moenig and Bauer (2016) while considering a GMWB Variable Annuity. In particular, they consider the simple Black-Scholes dynamics to describe the underlying security. Nevertheless, GMWB are long term products and thus accounting for stochastic interest rate has relevant effects on both the financial evaluation and the policy holder behavior, as observed by Gouden\`ege et al. (2018). In this paper we investigate the outcomes of these two elements together on GMWB evaluation. To this aim, we develop a numerical framework which allows one to efficiently compute the fair value of a policy. Numerical results show that accounting for both taxation and stochastic interest rate has a determinant impact on the withdrawal strategy and on the cost of GMWB contracts. In addition, it can explain why these products are so popular with people looking for a protected form of investment for retirement.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Molent, 2019. "Taxation of a GMWB Variable Annuity in a Stochastic Interest Rate Model," Papers 1901.11296, arXiv.org, revised May 2020.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:1901.11296
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Briani & L. Caramellino & A. Zanette, 2015. "A hybrid tree/finite-difference approach for Heston-Hull-White type models," Papers 1503.03705, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2017.
    2. Ryan Donnelly & Sebastian Jaimungal & Dmitri H. Rubisov, 2014. "Valuing guaranteed withdrawal benefits with stochastic interest rates and volatility," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 369-382, February.
    3. Jingjiang Peng & Kwai Sun Leung & Yue Kuen Kwok, 2012. "Pricing guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits under stochastic interest rates," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(6), pages 933-941, October.
    4. Dai, Tian-Shyr & Yang, Sharon S. & Liu, Liang-Chih, 2015. "Pricing guaranteed minimum/lifetime withdrawal benefits with various provisions under investment, interest rate and mortality risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 364-379.
    5. Bernard, Carole & Kwak, Minsuk, 2016. "Semi-static hedging of variable annuities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 173-186.
    6. Lin, X. Sheldon & Wu, Panpan & Wang, Xiao, 2016. "Move-based hedging of variable annuities: A semi-analytic approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 40-49.
    7. Thorsten Moenig & Daniel Bauer, 2016. "Revisiting the Risk-Neutral Approach to Optimal Policyholder Behavior: A Study of Withdrawal Guarantees in Variable Annuities," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 20(2), pages 759-794.
    8. Goudenège, Ludovic & Molent, Andrea & Zanette, Antonino, 2016. "Pricing and hedging GLWB in the Heston and in the Black–Scholes with stochastic interest rate models," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 38-57.
    9. Forsyth, Peter & Vetzal, Kenneth, 2014. "An optimal stochastic control framework for determining the cost of hedging of variable annuities," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 29-53.
    10. Thorsten Moenig & Nan Zhu, 2018. "Lapse‐and‐Reentry in Variable Annuities," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 85(4), pages 911-938, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tetyana Calinescu & Ganna Likhonosova & Olena Zelenko, 2022. "International Financial Activities: Accounting, Taxation And Insurance," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", vol. 8(2).
    2. Yaowen Lu & Duy-Minh Dang, 2023. "A semi-Lagrangian $\epsilon$-monotone Fourier method for continuous withdrawal GMWBs under jump-diffusion with stochastic interest rate," Papers 2310.00606, arXiv.org.

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