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Universal-Free and Eligibility-based School Breakfast Programs in Guilford County, NC: Student Outcomes

Author

Listed:
  • Ribar, David C.
  • Haldeman, Lauren A.

Abstract

The Guilford County Schools (GCS) in North Carolina offered universal-free breakfasts under the School Breakfast Program (SBP) in 2007-08 in elementary schools with high proportions of economically disadvantaged students. In 2008-09, the GCS reduced its universal-free programs, with the affected schools returning to eligibility-based programs. We investigate student outcomes that were associated with those changes, examining how breakfast and lunch participation, attendance, and standardized reading, math, and science test scores changed across years at affected and unaffected schools. We find that the switch from a universal-free to an eligibility-based SBP reduced breakfast participation substantially, with the largest changes occurring among students who were not eligible for free- or reduced-price meals. The changes in SBPs were associated with changes in lunch participation for paid-eligible students but not for other students. The changes in SBPs did not harm test scores but were associated with improved attendance.

Suggested Citation

  • Ribar, David C. & Haldeman, Lauren A., 2011. "Universal-Free and Eligibility-based School Breakfast Programs in Guilford County, NC: Student Outcomes," Contractor and Cooperator Reports 312396, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uerscc:312396
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.312396
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    Cited by:

    1. Sally Lawrence Bullock & Spring Dawson-McClure & Kimberly Parker Truesdale & Dianne Stanton Ward & Allison E. Aiello & Alice S. Ammerman, 2022. "Associations between a Universal Free Breakfast Policy and School Breakfast Program Participation, School Attendance, and Weight Status: A District-Wide Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-13, March.

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