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Mudanças Climáticas E O Protocolo De Quioto: Implicações Para Inserção Da Região Amazônica No Mercado De Carbono

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  • Cavalcanti, Francisco Carlos Da Silveira
  • Mastrangelo, Joao Paulo Santos
  • Silva, Zenobio Perelli Gouveia E

Abstract

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o desempenho financeiro de um projeto de reflorestamento sustentável de Teca (Tectona grandis L.f.) na região amazônica, especificamente no Estado do Acre, visando à comercialização de créditos de carbono no âmbito do Protocolo de Quioto por meio do Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL). Para o caso específico da região amazônica, foi uma oportunidade para avaliar estratégias de políticas ambientais baseadas em instrumentos econômicos, e suas possíveis repercussões na região. Em relação à análise da viabilidade econômica do projeto como candidato a participação no mercado de carbono, obteve-se primeiramente um rendimento aproximado de 160 Reduções Certificadas de Emissões (RCEs) de carbono equivalente (CO2 eq.) por hectare. Sem a incorporação dos custos e receitas advindas da geração das RCEs, em 1 (um) hectare o projeto é viável a uma taxa mínima de atratividade (TMA) de 10 %, porém, havendo a incorporação das RCEs no projeto, este torna-se inviável economicamente de acordo com todos indicadores utilizados (TIR, VET, VPL, B(C)PE, B/C), passando a ser atrativo somente no caso de aumento da área do projeto para no mínimo 150 hectares. Por meio das análises de sensibilidade, constatou-se que o projeto, submetido à comercialização de créditos de carbono no âmbito do MDL, depende mais de fatores inerentes a produção e comercialização da madeira, do que as próprias RCEs. Para as condições vivenciadas pelos pequenos e médios produtores rurais da região amazônica, em especial no Estado do Acre, a estrutura de custos, principalmente àqueles relacionados à transação no Protocolo de Kyoto, é pouco atrativa.---------------------------------------------This study had as the main objective to analyze the financial performance of a sustainable reforestation project with Teka (Tectona grandis L.f.) in the Amazon region, more specifically in the State of Acre, seeking the commercialization of carbon credits concerning the Kyoto Protocol by the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). In the specific case of the Amazon region, it was an opportunity to evaluate strategies related to environment policies supposedly based in economics instruments, and their possible impacts on the region. Concerning the feasibility economic analysis of this project as a candidate to participate in the carbon merket it was, firstly, obtained a yield around of 160 Certified Emission Reduction (CER) of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) by hectare. If no incorporation of costs and income from the CERs generation, for 1 hectare, this project would be viable at minimal attractive rate (MAR) of 10 %, on the another hand, taking into account the CER incorporation into this project, it turn to be not viable in economic terms, which would just be economically attractive if the increasing of the project area to at least 150 hectares. Taking into account sensitivity analysis, was verified that the project submitted to commercialization of carbon credits in the CDM setting, depend more on factors related to the timber production and commercialization, than the CER itself. For the conditions observed by small and medium rural producer, living in the Amazon region, in special those living in the State of Acre, the costs structure, mainly those concerning the transaction costs related to Kyoto Protocol, is less attractive.

Suggested Citation

  • Cavalcanti, Francisco Carlos Da Silveira & Mastrangelo, Joao Paulo Santos & Silva, Zenobio Perelli Gouveia E, 2008. "Mudanças Climáticas E O Protocolo De Quioto: Implicações Para Inserção Da Região Amazônica No Mercado De Carbono," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 114022, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:114022
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.114022
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    Resource /Energy Economics and Policy;

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