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Determinantes Da Renda Do Trabalho No Brasil No Período De 2002 A 2006

Author

Listed:
  • Santos, Gilnei Costa
  • Bastos, Patricia de Melo Abrita
  • Rocha, Luiz Eduardo de Vasconcelos

Abstract

O Brasil figura entre os países com maior nível de disparidade de renda do mundo. Fato esse que justifica a vasta literatura sobre os determinantes da renda na economia brasileira. Essa literatura aponta que, dentre os determinantes desta disparidade, além de fatores como o mercado de trabalho, através de algumas de suas características como discriminação e segmentação e os diferenciais de remuneração regional, a educação merece destaque. Diante do exposto o estudo terá como foco principal gerar equações de rendimento para o Brasil nos anos de 2002 a 2006, dedicando especial atenção à variável educação e seus impactos sobre a renda do trabalho. O modelo adotado será um híbrido dos mínimos quadrados ponderados proposto por Hoffmann e Scampini (1996) e o Minceriano, tentando captar mais adequadamente os efeitos da variável educação, como propõe Ney e Hoffmann (2004) através do efeito limiar. A base de dados são os microdados das Pnads de 2002 a 2006. Verificou-se a partir das equações de rendimento, que uma proporção significativa da dispersão salarial total dos indivíduos está relacionada às diferenças pessoais produtivas (educação e idade) e sua posição no mercado de trabalho, que apresentaram, como esperado, significância estatística e sinal de acordo com a literatura empírica. O nível educacional mostrou-se como principal fator explicativo na determinação da renda, ademais pode-se verificar o efeito limiar a partir de 10 anos de estudo, onde fica evidente o aumento da taxa de retorno da escolaridade neste nível. O trabalho demonstra que os quesitos relacionados à produtividade merecem profundo destaque nas políticas de redução de desigualdade tanto de renda quqnto a educacional. Não devem-se descartar porém as variáveis relacionadas à segmentação do mercado de trabalho e, também, as discriminatórios, uma vez que, apesar da baixa contribuição em termos de impactos sobre a renda, todas foram estatisticamente diferentes de zero. -----------------------------------------------Brazil represents among the countries with larger level of disparity of income of the world, in agreement with the Report of Human Development, 1999, of the Program of the United Nations for the Development (PNUD), for the Gini Index only South Africa and Malawi have a degree of larger inequality than of Brazil, what justifies a vast literature on the determinant of the income. The literature appears that among the determinant of this disparity, besides historical factors, the education deserves prominence, other explanatory factors would be: the influence of the market, through some of your characteristics as discrimination and segmentation and you differentiate yourselves of regional remuneration. Before the exposed the study will have as main focus to generate revenue equations to Brazil in the years from 2002 to 2006, dedicating special attention to the variable education and your impacts on the income of the work. The adopted model will be a hybrid of the considered square minima proposed by Hoffmann and Scampini (1996) and Mincer function, trying to capture the effects of the variable education more appropriately, as it proposes Ney and Hoffmann (2004) through the effect threshold. The base of data is the microdata of Pnads from 2002 to 2006. It was verified starting from the revenue equations, that a significant proportion of the individuals' dispersion salary total is related to the productive personal differences (education and age) and your position in the job market, that you/they presented, as expected, statistical significant and the sign in agreement with the empiric literature. Likewise, the educational level was shown as main explanatory factor in the determination of the income, as well as can be verified the effect threshold starting from 10 years of study, where it is evident the increase of the rate of return of the education in this level. Before every done analysis, of course the related requirements the productivity deserves deep prominence to conceive politics of inequality reduction as much of income as the educational, it should not be discarded however the variables related to the segmentation of the job market and discriminant once, in spite of the low contribution in terms of impacts on the income, all were statistic different from zero.

Suggested Citation

  • Santos, Gilnei Costa & Bastos, Patricia de Melo Abrita & Rocha, Luiz Eduardo de Vasconcelos, 2008. "Determinantes Da Renda Do Trabalho No Brasil No Período De 2002 A 2006," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 113399, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:113399
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.113399
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