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Análise De Fatores Produtivos E Comerciais Da Cadeia Láctea No Brasil

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  • Pedra, Daniele Fernanda Bosisio Moura
  • Pigatto, Gessuir
  • Santini, Giuliana Aparecida
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    Abstract

    Dentre as diversas cadeias produtivas que representam a base de produção do país, a cadeia produtiva do leite vem sendo considerada uma das mais complexas e representativas do agronegócio brasileiro. Na cadeia produtiva do leite participam algumas atividades principais, como a produção e o processamento lácteo. No âmbito da produção, o Brasil é considerado atualmente como o sexto maior produtor de leite do mundo, ficando atrás da União Européia - que se configura como o maior produtor mundial -, dos Estados Unidos, da Índia, da China e da Rússia. O segmento de processamento, formado por empresas nacionais, multinacionais e cooperativas de produtores, é responsável por importantes transformações na cadeia produtiva, como por exemplo, possibilitar a aquisição de tanques de resfriamento pelos produtores, por meio de sua intermediação financeira; induzir a adoção de tecnologia intensiva de pastagens e aprimoramentos na gestão das unidades produtivas, contribuindo para a competitividade da cadeia láctea nacional. Além disso, esse segmento tem uma elevada importância/ contribuição nas exportações brasileiras. O Brasil, durante muitos anos, foi considerado um tradicional importador desses produtos. Entretanto, essa situação foi modificada a partir de 2004, quando as importações de produtos lácteos passaram a ser substituídas pelas exportações, as quais se tornaram crescentes. Deste modo, o Brasil vem deixando cada vez mais de ser apenas um importador de produtos lácteos, passando a ocupar a posição de exportador. Assim, esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar a cadeia láctea no Brasil, especificamente os segmentos de produção e processamento, no que diz respeito aos fatores produtivos e comerciais (exportação e importação). A análise será realizada para o período de 1997 a 2006, como forma de avaliar a evolução do setor diante uma maior abertura econômica.---------------------------------------------Among the various production chains that represent production basis of the country, the productive chain of milk has been considered one of the most complex and representative ones of the Brazilian agribusiness. In the productive chain of milk some main activities are involved like production and processing milk. As part of the production, Brazil is currently considered the sixth largest producer of milk in the world, leaving behind the European Union - which is configured as the world's largest producer -, the United States, India, China and Russia. The processing segment, formed by national companies, cooperatives, and multinational producers, is responsible for significant changes in the production chain, for example, enable the acquisition of cooling tanks by producers through its financial intermediation; induce the adoption of intensive technology- grazing and improvements in the management of production units, contributing to the competitiveness of the national milk chain. Besides that, this segment has an elevated importance / contribution in the Brazilian exports. Brazil, for many years, was considered a traditional importer of these products. However, this situation has changed in 2004, when imports of dairy products began to be replaced by exports, which have been increasing. This way, Brazil is leaving increasingly to be only an importer of dairy products, and will occupy the position of exporter. So, this article aims to analyze the milk chain in Brazil, especially the segments of production and processing, regarding factors productive and trade (exports and imports). The analysis will be conducted for the period of 1997 to 2006, as a way of assessing the development of the sector faced a greater economic openness.

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    Bibliographic Info

    Paper provided by Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER) in its series 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil with number 112630.

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    Date of creation: Jul 2008
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    Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:112630

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    Keywords: leite; produção; exportação; importação; milk; production; export; import; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries;

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