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Agrarrelevante Extremwetterlagen und Moeglichkeiten von Risikomanagementsystemen

Author

Listed:
  • Goemann, Horst
  • Bender, Andrea
  • Bolte, Andreas
  • Dirksmeyer, Walter
  • Englert, Hermann
  • Feil, Jan-Henning
  • Fruehauf, Cathleen
  • Hauschild, Marlen
  • Krengel, Sandra
  • Lilienthal, Holger
  • Loepmeier, Franz-Josef
  • Mueller, Juergen
  • Mußhoff, Oliver
  • Nathkin, Marco
  • Offermann, Frank
  • Seidel, Petra
  • Schmidt, Matthias
  • Seintsch, Bjoern
  • Steidl, Joerg
  • Strohm, Kathrin
  • Zimmer, Yelto

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Das Verbundforschungsvorhaben untersuchte regional differenzierte Änderungen agrarrelevanter Extremwetterlagen in Deutschland und deren Auswirkungen auf die Landwirtschaft einschließlich Sonderkulturen und Forstwirtschaft. Auswertungen der Stationsdaten von 1961 bis 2013 des Deutschen Wetterdienstes sowie Daten aus 21 Klimamodellläufen bis zum Jahr 2100 zeigten unter anderem einen Anstieg extremer Hitzetage, die auch in Zukunft häufiger werden sollen. Ferner wurde in den letzten 20 Jahren eine Zunahme der Tage ohne Niederschlag im März und April sowie eine Zunahme extrem trockener Tage im Sommer beobachtet, wobei letztere zukünftig weiter zunehmen sollen. Zunehmende Hitze und Trockenheit beeinträchtigen vor allem die Ertragsbildung bei einigen Ackerkulturen, wie z.B. beim Weizen. Im Wald ist die Verjüngungsfähigkeit vor allem unter Fichte und Kiefer gefährdet. Bei einigen Extremwetterlagen, die insbesondere im Acker- und Sonderkulturanbau hohe Schäden verursachen, wie z. B. Hagel, Starkniederschläge und Spätfröste, besteht wegen fehlender Beobachtungsdaten bzw. nicht eindeutiger Wechselwirkungen weiterer Forschungsbedarf. Nach den Ergebnissen besteht angesichts vielfältiger Anpassungsoptionen in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft keine unmittelbare Notwendigkeit, Risikomanagementsysteme staatlich verstärkt zu unterstützen///////////////////////Summary The collaborative project analysed regional differentiated changes of extreme weather events in Germany and their impacts on agriculture including specialised crops and forestry. Analyses of weather station data from 1961 to 2013 of the German Weather Service as well as results of 21 climate model runs until 2100 show i. a. an increase of days with extreme heat which are expected to become more frequent in the future. Furthermore, an increase of days without precipitation in March and April as well as an increase of days with extreme drought in summer were observed. The latter are expected to increase in the future. Increasing heat and drought adversely affect in particular growth and crop harvest of arable cultures e. g. winter wheat. Extreme drought impairs especially the regeneration capacity in spruce and pine forests. For some extreme weather events that cause severe damages in particular in arable and specialised crops such as hail, extreme precipitation and late frosts further research need was identified due to missing observation data or unclear interactions between weather and vegetation. According to the results and in the light of various adaptation options there is currently no further necessity for governmental support of risk management systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Goemann, Horst & Bender, Andrea & Bolte, Andreas & Dirksmeyer, Walter & Englert, Hermann & Feil, Jan-Henning & Fruehauf, Cathleen & Hauschild, Marlen & Krengel, Sandra & Lilienthal, Holger & Loepmeier, 2015. "Agrarrelevante Extremwetterlagen und Moeglichkeiten von Risikomanagementsystemen," Thünen Report 206716, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:jhimwo:206716
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.206716
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