IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/cfcs89/259916.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Extension D'Une Methode D'Analyse De La Croissance D'Un Couvert Vegetal Aux Cultures Associees: Bases Theoriques

Author

Listed:
  • Cruz, P.
  • Moulia, B.
  • Sinoquet, H.

Abstract

Nous proposons une démarche, permettant d'évaluer les mécanismes de la compétition interspécifique, pour le partage de ressources trophiques telles que la lumière, l'eau et l'azote. La croissance du couvert est considérée comme le résultat d'un processus de conversion de l'énergie solaire en énergie potentielle chimique contenue dans la biomasse (VARLET-GRANCHER et al., 1982): la productivité du couvert est carac-térisée par son rendement énergétique, qui relie la production de matière sèche au rayonnement solaire intercepté par la culture. En cas d'alimentations hydrique et minérale non limi-tantes, cette relation est une droite commune à toutes les plantes d'un même type photosynthétique (C3 ou C4). Réci-proquement, tout écart à ces droites de référence traduit une contrainte d'origine hydrique ou minérale, qu'il est possible de discriminer par des mesures de potentiel hydrique et de teneur en azote. Cette méthode est couplée à un modèle d'interception du rayonnement solaire, qui permet d'estimerle rayonnement absorbé par chaque composante d'une association binaire. Ce modèle, qui prend en compte l'hétérogénéité spatiale du couvert, détermine les îermes du bilan radiatif de l'asso-ciation, à partir de la structure géométrique de la culture, des propriétés optiques des feuilles et du sol, et du rayon-nement incident. Une telle approche sera prochainement utilisée par notre équipe sur deux types de culture Graminée-Légumineuse, largement répandus en milieu tropical et très contrastés quant à la distribution spatiale du feuillage. ----- We suggest an analytical method for evaluating the processes of the interspecific competition, in terms of sharing of throphic ressources such as light, water and nitrogen. The growth of the crop is taken as the result of the conversion of the solar radiation energy into chemical energy of the biomass : the crop productivity is characterized by a energetic efficiency relating the dry matter production to the solar radiation intercepted by the canopy. If water and mineral nutrients are not limiting, this relation is a line which is the same for all plants of a photosynthetical type (C3 or G4). Reciprocally, deviation from the reference line characterizes water or nutrient stress which can be identified by additionnai measurements (water status, nitrogen rate). The method is connected with a model of solar radiation interception which estimates the radiation absorbed by each component of a binary mixture. The model takes into account the spatial heterogeneities of the canopy, and calculates the terms of the radiative balance of the crop from its geometrical structure, the optical properties of the foliage and the soil, and the incident radiation.

Suggested Citation

  • Cruz, P. & Moulia, B. & Sinoquet, H., 1989. "Extension D'Une Methode D'Analyse De La Croissance D'Un Couvert Vegetal Aux Cultures Associees: Bases Theoriques," 25th Annual Meeting, July 1-6, 1989, Gosier, Guadeloupe 259916, Caribbean Food Crops Society.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:cfcs89:259916
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.259916
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/259916/files/25_25.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.259916?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:cfcs89:259916. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://cfcs.eea.uprm.edu/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.