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Non-Observed Economy vs. Shadow Economy and Informal Employment in Poland: A Range of Mismatching Estimates

In: Comparative Economic Studies in Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Philippe Adair

    (University Paris-est Créteil)

Abstract

The Non-Observed Economy (NOE) vs. the Shadow Economy (SE) display large discrepancies throughout the European Union transition countries, in particular in Poland. A tractable taxonomy of unobserved activities is designed according to both definition and scope. Direct measurements from tax audits, household informal expenditure, labour force surveys and Eurobarometers provide piecemeal estimates. Indirect measurements from cross-section analyses are drawn from discrepancies on the market for goods and services, the money market and the labour market; the relevance of major determinants of the NOE/SE—tax evasion and informal employment, is tackled. Other macro measurements provide time-series estimates designing the trends of the SE from electricity consumption methods and structural modelling of multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC). Last, the gap in NOE/SE estimates from national accounts adjustments vs. MIMIC is addressed.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Adair, 2021. "Non-Observed Economy vs. Shadow Economy and Informal Employment in Poland: A Range of Mismatching Estimates," Studies in Economic Transition, in: Wladimir Andreff (ed.), Comparative Economic Studies in Europe, edition 1, pages 249-278, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:stuchp:978-3-030-48295-4_13
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48295-4_13
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    Cited by:

    1. Dagmara Nikulin & Ewa Lechman, 2021. "Shadow Economy in Poland: Results of the Survey," SpringerBriefs in Economics, in: Shadow Economy in Poland, chapter 0, pages 49-65, Springer.

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