Optimal Integration of Series and Shunt FACTS with Wind Energy for Active Power Loss Reduction

The integration of wind energy (WE) with flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices into the grid to improve grid performance is one of the latest advances in renewable energy (RE) technology. This work proposes the optimal placement and size of a WE, a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) with two of FACTS controller, viz. thyristor-controlled series compensator (TCSC) static var compensator (SVC). The goal is to maximize system bus load (Max. LBS) and minimize active power loss (Min. Ploss) by satisfying various safety and stability constraints. Newton Raphson's power flow study involving TCSC, SVC, and DFIG is a bi-objective that meets multiple constraints: lines, generation, voltage limits, and small signal stability. A variant of the genetic algorithm, non-dominated sorting GA II (NSGA-II), was applied to solve the contradictory bi-objective optimization problem. A modified standard and practical test system, the IEEE 14-bus and the Indonesia Java Bali 24-bus, integrated with DFIG, TCSC, and SVC, were simulated to investigate the efficacy of the suggested technique. The simulation shows that the optimal placement and size of DFIG with both FACTS can improve system performance with all system loading conditions and meet all system constraints.