IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wsi/jdexxx/v26y2021i03ns1084946721500175.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

When Rising Tides Lift Some Boats More Than Others: Gender-Based Differences In The External Enablement Of Entrepreneurship

Author

Listed:
  • PARUL MANOCHA

    (Department of Management, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • RICHARD A. HUNT

    (Department of Management, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • DAVID M. TOWNSEND

    (Department of Management, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • MAXIMILIAN STALLKAMP

    (Department of Management, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

Abstract

External enablers (EEs) are exogenous, macro-environmental forces that influence the rate, extent and substance of entrepreneurial activity. A steadily increasing body of empirical research has sought to identify, describe and predict the aggregate impact of EEs, yet few studies have assessed whether EEs exert similar or dissimilar effects across societal groups, and none to date have sought to ascertain whether EEs function in a gender-neutral fashion. The issue is important to address because it is common for governments to implement policies designed to leverage or mitigate the influence of EEs. Absent knowledge regarding the differential effects of EEs, policies may be enacted with an aggregate intent, but which may routinely disadvantage female entrepreneurs. To address this concern, we investigate the impact of a prominent EE (internet access) on entrepreneurial activity, employing a longitudinal design, consisting of 61 countries from 2004 to 2013. Our results suggest that increased internet access is, in the aggregate, associated with heightened entrepreneurial activity, but the favorable effect for male entrepreneurs is markedly greater than that for female entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that gender-based disaggregation is critical in assessing the influence of EEs.

Suggested Citation

  • Parul Manocha & Richard A. Hunt & David M. Townsend & Maximilian Stallkamp, 2021. "When Rising Tides Lift Some Boats More Than Others: Gender-Based Differences In The External Enablement Of Entrepreneurship," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 26(03), pages 1-29, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:jdexxx:v:26:y:2021:i:03:n:s1084946721500175
    DOI: 10.1142/S1084946721500175
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1084946721500175
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1142/S1084946721500175?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wsi:jdexxx:v:26:y:2021:i:03:n:s1084946721500175. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Tai Tone Lim (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.worldscinet.com/jde/jde.shtml .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.