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Micro and Small Enterprises as an Anti‐Poverty and Employment Generation Strategy in Bahir Dar City, North‐Western Ethiopia

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  • Bekele Melese

Abstract

Reducing poverty, unemployment, and inequality is a primary concern of development efforts of the world in general and developing countries in particular. In search of such a viable strategy to realize this goal, the promotion of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) is taken to be an important priority area of intervention, particularly since the 1980s. This article aims to contribute to and inform the ongoing debate on the MSEs approach to development by analyzing data relating to the role of promoting MSEs to employment generation and poverty reduction in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. To the fulfillment of this objective, a survey of 136 enterprises using a structured questionnaire and in‐depth interview methods along with the analysis of documentary sources were used to generate empirical data. The impact of the MSEs development program is examined in terms of employment creation and income generation for target beneficiaries. The findings reveal that the MSEs program had led to positive outcomes on the income and livelihood conditions of target beneficiaries. Given the importance of the MSEs sector in national development policy and practice, there is particularly little systematic analysis of the subject, however. This article thus provides an exploratory insight into the issue and contributes to the limited academic literature in the area by generating information pertaining to the role of MSEs in employment generation and poverty reduction, hence adding to the broader theoretical debate relating to the role of MSEs in development. 埃塞俄比亚巴哈达尔将微型和小型企业作为反贫困和增加就业的战略 减少贫困、失业和不平等是所有发展中国家努力的主要目标。作为实现该目标的一项战略,微型和小型企业(micro and small enterprises,简称MSEs)的推广被视为干预手段的重点,自20世纪80年代起尤其如此。通过分析埃塞俄比亚巴哈达尔市推动MSEs增加就业和减少贫困的数据,本文致力为正在进行的MSEs辩论做出贡献。分析采用的经验数据来自于一项对136家企业进行的调查。调查方式包括结构性问卷、深度访谈法和文献资料分析。调查结果发现,MSEs项目在目标受益者的收入和生活情况上造成了积极的结果。即使MSEs部门在国家发展政策和实践中占据重要性,但与此有关的系统性分析却十分稀少。本文为此提供了探索性见解,同时通过提供有关MSEs在增加就业和减少贫困上扮演的角色信息,为有限的实证证据做出了贡献,并由此推进了更广的理论辩论。 Las microempresas y negocios pequeños como estrategia para combatir la pobreza y generar empleo en Bahir Dar, Etiopía Reducir la pobreza, el desempleo y la desigualdad es una de las primeras preocupaciones de los esfuerzos de desarrollo en muchos países en desarrollo. Como estrategia para llegar a este objetivo, la promoción de las microempresas y negocios pequeños (MSEs) se toma como una importante área de prioridad para la intervención, particularmente desde los años 1980. Este artículo busca contribuir e informar al debate acerca del método de las MSEs para lograr el desarrollo al analizar datos relacionados al papel de promover las MSEs para la generación de empleo y la reducción de pobreza en Bahir Dar, Etiopía. Los datos empíricos para el análisis se generaron a través de una encuesta de 136 compañías utilizando un cuestionario estructurado y métodos de entrevista a fondo con el análisis de fuentes documentales. Los hallazgos revelan que el programa de MSEs tuvo resultados positivos en los ingresos y condiciones de vida de los beneficiarios que habían sido seleccionados. Dada la importancia del sector de las MSEs en la política y práctica de desarrollo nacional, hay particularmente poco análisis sistemático en el tema, sin embargo. Este artículo provee información exploratoria del problema, y contribuye a la limitada evidencia empírica al generar información relacionada con el papel de las MSEs en la generación de empleo y reducción de pobreza, así añadiendo al debate teórico más amplio relacionado con las MSEs y el desarrollo.

Suggested Citation

  • Bekele Melese, 2017. "Micro and Small Enterprises as an Anti‐Poverty and Employment Generation Strategy in Bahir Dar City, North‐Western Ethiopia," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 9(3), pages 258-275, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:258-275
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.184
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