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A rural‐centric model for understanding women's later life precarity in an agrarian economy in Uganda

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  • Teddy Nagaddya

Abstract

Aging as a woman within the context of agricultural transformation where production and consumption values shape everyday life raises concerns of later life precarity. Gender economic inclusion is imperative in the achievement of inclusive rural development. But there is a tendency to homogenize female experiences of poverty based on gender and class, ignoring the impact of global economic and social changes on Uganda's rural economy and the elderly. Furthermore, in the agrarian context, precarity hinges on gender images of a desirable agricultural worker and neoliberal policies that exacerbate vulnerabilities of elderly women already living on the economic margins of global capitalism. Drawing on rural‐dwelling older women's narratives, this article reveals that precarity in an environment of agrarian capitalism is a product of conflict between the desire to maintain relationships of reciprocity and engagement in production. In this article, a five‐tier rural‐centric model relevant to conceptualizing risk factors to precarity is proposed. The model is influenced by the Bourdieusian theory of capital and Gudeman's economy theory. The model provides an opportunity to re‐imagine and situate older women's later life precarity within the wider sociopolitical and economic context, and consequently design appropriate social protection initiatives. 巴基斯坦政府一直依靠小额信贷行业来减少巴基斯坦贫困妇女的贫困情况。通过使用一项主张限制当前小额信贷服务能力和规模的理论框架,我们从实证上调查了在提供小额信贷服务的情况下,贫困妇女仍然陷入贫困的可能性。我们收集了巴基斯坦4个省份的数据,并使用多元逻辑回归进行数据分析。442名女性受访者中,四分之三生活在贫困线以下并无法摆脱贫困,这归因于一系列因素,例如:住房不稳定性、粮食不安全、缺乏储蓄、贷款规模不足和分期付款率高、缺乏通过团体借贷实现性别团结、以及家庭暴力的威胁。阻碍脱贫的因素还包括缺乏健康保险和患有传染病、受伤、慢性病和心理健康挑战等严重健康问题。最后,我们建议,国家需要与小额信贷部门合作推出关键的社会政策发展议程,以支持妇女借款人并帮助其摆脱贫困。 Envejecer como mujer en el contexto de la transformación agrícola, donde los valores de producción y consumo dan forma a la vida cotidiana, plantea preocupaciones sobre la precariedad de la vida posterior. La inclusión económica de género es imperativa para lograr un desarrollo rural inclusivo. Pero existe una tendencia a homogeneizar las experiencias femeninas de pobreza en función del género y la clase, ignorando el impacto de los cambios económicos y sociales globales en la economía rural de Uganda y las personas mayores. Además, en el contexto agrario, la precariedad depende de las imágenes de género de un trabajador agrícola deseable y de las políticas neoliberales que exacerban las vulnerabilidades de las mujeres mayores que ya viven en los márgenes económicos del capitalismo global. A partir de entrevistas en profundidad con ancianas que viven en zonas rurales, este artículo revela que la precariedad en un entorno capitalista es producto del conflicto entre el deseo de mantener relaciones de reciprocidad y el compromiso con la producción. En este artículo, se propone un modelo centrado en lo rural de cinco niveles relevante para conceptualizar los factores de riesgo de la precariedad en un entorno de capitalismo agrario. El modelo está influenciado por la teoría bourdieusiana del capital y la teoría económica de Gudeman. El modelo brinda la oportunidad de volver a imaginar y situar la precariedad de la vida posterior de las mujeres mayores dentro del contexto sociopolítico y económico más amplio y, en consecuencia, diseñar iniciativas de protección social adecuadas.

Suggested Citation

  • Teddy Nagaddya, 2023. "A rural‐centric model for understanding women's later life precarity in an agrarian economy in Uganda," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(3), pages 290-307, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:290-307
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.376
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