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Quantification and Scientism in Political Science: Domination of Discourse by Experts Presenting Mathematical Models of Reality

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  • David Kingsley

Abstract

Mathematization has become increasingly dominant in the social sciences. Political science research reflects this trend. Unfortunately, complex mathematical models do not reflect reality and have little relevance to public political discourse. Indeed, much of the quantification in political science research is fraught with fallacies, not the least of which are reification and scientism. Even simple statistical models such as crosstabs and simple tests such as Pearson's‐chi square are fallacious but not well understood by the less mathematically oriented social scientist. In addition to discussing the main problems of quantification, the author illustrates an egregious misuse of statistics by prominent social scientists relying on quantitative studies pertaining to criminal behavior. 社会科学的数学化趋势日益增加,政治学研究如今也呈现这一趋势。遗憾的是,复杂数学模型并不能反映现实,也与公共政治话语几乎没有关系。事实上,政治学研究中的量化过程大都充满谬误,根本算不上具体化和科学化。即使是简单的统计模型,如交叉表,或是简单的检验,如卡方检验,都是存在谬误的,但不以数学为导向的社会科学家们对此也并不太了解。 除了讨论与量化有关的主要问题之外,作者还阐述了杰出社会科学家依靠有关犯罪行为的定量研究而严重滥用统计学的现象。 La matematización se ha vuelto más y más dominante en las ciencias sociales. La investigación en ciencias políticas refleja esta tendencia. Desafortunadamente, los modelos complejos matemáticos no afectan la realidad y tienen poca relevancia para el discurso político público. De hecho, mucha de la cuantificación en la investigación de ciencias políticas está llena de falacias, incluyendo la reificación y el ciencialismo. Hasta los modelos estadísticos simples como los crosstabs y pruebas simples como el Pearson chisquare, tienen falacias, pero no son bien comprendidos por los científicos sociales menos orientados hacia las matemáticas. Además de discutir los problemas principales de la cuantificación, el autor ilustra un uso inadecuado de la estadística por parte de científicos sociales importantes que se apoyan en estudios cuantitativos que tienen que ver con el comportamiento criminal.

Suggested Citation

  • David Kingsley, 2018. "Quantification and Scientism in Political Science: Domination of Discourse by Experts Presenting Mathematical Models of Reality," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(2), pages 198-221, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:198-221
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.211
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