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Ice‐wedge rejuvenation, fosheim peninsula, ellesmere Island, Canada

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  • Antoni G. Lewkowicz

Abstract

Ice wedges with multiple growth stages and complex wedge systems are described for six sites on the Fosheim Peninsula. Recent rates of lateral wedge growth, inferred from tritium concentrations within the ice, are 2–5 mm a−1. One factor responsible for ice wedge rejuvenation in this area is colluviation on low‐angled slope segments by slopewash, solifluction and active‐layer detachment processes or by mudflow within retrogressive thaw slumps. The most complex section examined was at the base of a long slope where colluvial deposits overlay peat. Epigenetic and syngenetic wedges of at least two and possibly three different ages were present as a result of sedimentation rates estimated to be 4–25 mm a−1. The second factor producing wedge rejuvenation is variability in summer climate, and this is responsible for the development of the uppermost growth stages at all actively cracking sites. The deepest thaws in the past 45 years were hind‐cast for 1960 and 1962 so that more than 25 years of aggradation had taken place by the time of fieldwork. More generally, it can be shown that there is a significant probability that secondary wedges will be present during any period without regional climatic change. For the Eureka summer climate, the probability is 0.2 that a secondary wedge at least 5 cm high and 10 years old will be observed at any randomly exposed section. Thus field observation of widespread secondary growth stages is not necessarily an indication of recent climatic change but may be due to normal climatic variability. Des coins de glace montrant divers types de croissance et des systèmes de coins complexes sont décrits en six endroits de la Péninsule de Fosheim. Les vitesses récentes de croissance latérale des coins telles qu'elles résultent de mesures de la concentration en tritium de la glace, sont comprises entre 2 et 5 mm par an. Un des facteurs responsables du rajeunissement des coins de glace dans cette région est le colluvionnement des pentes faibles par le ruissellement, la solifluction et les autres processus d'érosion de la couche active dont, entre autres, les coulées de boue ou les glissements rétrogressifs de dégel. La section examinée la plus complexe a été trouvée a la base d'une longue pente où les dépǒts colluviaux recouvrent de la tourbe. Des coins épigénétiques et syngénétiques d'au moins deux et peut ětre trois ǎges différents ont été reconnus comme résultant d'une sédimentation qui a été estimée entre 4 à 25 mm par an. Le second facteur produisant le rajeunissement des coins c'est‐à‐dire la formation à leur partie supérieure de veines de glace s'élevant au‐dessus du coin principal est la variabilité du climat d'été. Ce facteur est responsable du développement des stades de croissance supérieurs dans tous les sites où la formation thermique est active. Les dégels les plus profonds des dernières 45 années apparaissent par des remplissages datant de 1960 et 1962, de telle sorteque plus de 25 ans d'accumulation s'étaient passés au moment des levés de terrain. Plus généralement, il peut être monté qu'une probabilité significative existe que des coins secondaires soient présents pendant n'important quelle période sans qu'intervienne un changement climatique régional. Pour le climat d'été d'eureka, la probabilité est de 0,2 qu'un coin secondaire d'au moins 5 cm de haut et de 10 ans d'ancienneté soit observé dans n'importe quelle section prise au hasard. En conséquence les nombreux stades secondaires de croissance ne sont pas nécessairement une indication d'un changement climatique récent peuvent résulter d;'une variabilité climatique normale.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoni G. Lewkowicz, 1994. "Ice‐wedge rejuvenation, fosheim peninsula, ellesmere Island, Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(4), pages 251-268, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:5:y:1994:i:4:p:251-268
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430050405
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    1. Ruixia He & Huijun Jin & Hugh M. French & Jef Vandenberghe & Xiaoying Li & Fang Li & Guanli Jiang & Ze Zhang & Xuemei Chen & Raul D. Serban & Shaoling Wang & Dongxin Guo, 2021. "Cryogenic wedges and cryoturbations on the Ordos Plateau in North China since 50 ka BP and their paleoenvironmental implications," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(2), pages 231-247, April.
    2. Christopher R. Burn & Antoni G. Lewkowicz & M. Alice Wilson, 2021. "Long‐term field measurements of climate‐induced thaw subsidence above ice wedges on hillslopes, western Arctic Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(2), pages 261-276, April.

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