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Expérience de laboratoire sur la mobilisation par cryoreptation d'un dépôt de pente schisteux, grossier et hétérométrique

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  • Fabrice Calmels
  • Jean‐Pierre Coutard

Abstract

Head deposits are generally assumed to have accumulated by frost creep and gelifluction processes. The aim of the laboratory experiment related here was to verify these hypothesis. The schistous material used was taken from a natural slope of the Massif Armoricain (Lower Normandy). The 25° gradient of the experimental slope corresponds to that typical of the zones producing head material at many sites in Normandy. After 18 freeze–thaw cycles, the mean value of the surface displacement measured ranged between 0.5 and 3.7 cm per cycle. All the mass of the material was deformed by frost creep. Mean per cycle flow of material accumulated at the bottom of the slope was 0.43 cm3 cm−1. At the surface, the fabric of the more elongated fragments was modified; the a‐axis of one‐third of elongate fragments became oriented parallel to the maximum slope direction. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. La mise en place des dépôts de head des massifs anciens formés de roches précambriennes et primaires est le plus souvent attribuée à des processus de cryoreptation et de gélifluxion. La présente expérience de laboratoire a eu pour but de vérifier cette hypothèse en utilisant un matériau naturel et en respectant la pente de 25° des zones d'alimentation des principaux heads de Normandie. Au bout de 18 cycles de gel–dégel, un déplacement moyen de l'ordre de 0.5 à 3.7 cm par cycle a été obtenu en surface. Le mouvement est sensible sur toute l'épaisseur du sédiment. Le débit moyen de matériau accumulé en bas de pente a été de 0.43 cm3 par cm de largeur de versant et par cycle. La disposition des grands éléments, 3 à 6 cm de longueur, aléatoire lors de la mise on place du matériau, s'est progressivement modifiée. En surface, un tiers des grands axes se sont placés parallèlement à la pente du versant. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabrice Calmels & Jean‐Pierre Coutard, 2000. "Expérience de laboratoire sur la mobilisation par cryoreptation d'un dépôt de pente schisteux, grossier et hétérométrique," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(3), pages 207-218, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:11:y:2000:i:3:p:207-218
    DOI: 10.1002/1099-1530(200007/09)11:33.0.CO;2-H
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