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Changes in palsa distribution in relation to climate change in Laivadalen, northern Sweden, especially 1960–1997

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  • Frieda S Zuidhoff
  • Else Kolstrup

Abstract

Changes in the distribution of palsas in Sweden's most southerly major palsa bog are outlined from 1960 to 1997 using aerial photographs taken in 1960 and 1976 as well as a study reported in a publication from 1967 and fieldwork in 1996 and 1997. The geomorphological changes are compared with changes in temperature and precipitation. Between 1960 and 1997, there was a decrease of c. 50% in the area of palsas and no new palsas seem to have developed during the period. Temporary new frost mounds developed during a winter with low snow cover (1995–96) but had disappeared again at the start of the field season of 1997. From open sections in selected palsas, samples were selected at levels of vegetational change indicating stages in palsa development. Radiocarbon dates of 95plusmn;65 a BP and 105plusmn;65 a BP give ages for the start of growth of palsas and a date of 390±70 a BP may represent the last active phase of a previous palsa. The results suggest that some presently existing but decaying palsas started their growth possibly as late as during the last part of the Little Ice Age. It is suggested that the present decay of palsas could be the result of the 1–1.5 °C increase in mean annual temperature in northern Sweden during the last c. 100 years, in particular since the 1930s, probably in combination with increased snowfall since c. 1930. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Les modifications qui se sont produites de 1960 à 1997 dans la distribution des palses au sein du marais à palses le plus méridional de Suède ont été reconnues en utilisant des photos aériennes prises en 1960 et en 1976, une publication datant de 1967 et des travaux sur le terrain en 1996 et 1997. Les changements géomorphologiques observés sont mis en relation avec les changements de température et de précipitations enregistrés dans la région. Entre 1960 et 1997, le surface totale de palses du secteur a diminué d'environ 50% et aucune nouvelle palse n'est apparue. Des buttes cryogènes temporaires nouvelles se sont développées pendant un hiver où la couverture de neige était faible (1995/96) mais ces buttes sont disparues au début de l'été 1997. A partir de coupes dégagées dans des palses choisies, des échantillons ont été prélevés à des niveaux où des changements de végétation indiquaient des stages dans le développement des palses. Des dates 14 de 95±65 ans BP et 105±65 ans BP représentent l'âge du début de la croissance des palses et une date de 390±70 ans BP pourraient représenter la dernière phase active d'une ancienne palse. Ces résultats suggèrent que quelques palses existant de nos jours (en fusion aujourd'hui) ont probablement commencé leur croissance peut être pendant la dernière partie du petit âge glaciaire. Il est suggéré que la fusion actuelle des palses pourrait résulter d'une augmentation de l à 1.5 °C de la température moyenne annuelle de la Suède septentrionale pendant le dernier siècle, et plus précisément depuis les années 1930, probablement en combinaison avec une augmentation des précipitations neigeuses. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Frieda S Zuidhoff & Else Kolstrup, 2000. "Changes in palsa distribution in relation to climate change in Laivadalen, northern Sweden, especially 1960–1997," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(1), pages 55-69, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:11:y:2000:i:1:p:55-69
    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(200001/03)11:13.0.CO;2-T
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    Cited by:

    1. Adrian Emmert & Christof Kneisel, 2021. "Internal structure and palsa development at Orravatnsrústir Palsa Site (Central Iceland), investigated by means of integrated resistivity and ground‐penetrating radar methods," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(3), pages 503-519, July.
    2. A. Britta K. Sannel, 2020. "Ground temperature and snow depth variability within a subarctic peat plateau landscape," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(2), pages 255-263, April.

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