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Characterization of selected soils from the Lhasa region of Qinghai–Xizang Plateau, SW China

Author

Listed:
  • C. A. S. Smith
  • M. Clark
  • G. Broll
  • C. L. Ping
  • J. M. Kimble
  • G. Luo

Abstract

Soils along an elevational gradient in the Himalayas from the Lhasa River Valley bottom at 3700 m in elevation through subalpine (4200 to 4600 m) and alpine (>4600 m elevation) vegetation zones were described, sampled and classified according to the USDA soil taxonomy. Active flood plain soils were classified as Aridic Ustifluvents or, on more stable valley slopes and stream terraces, as Aridic Ustochrepts. Limited soil temperature data suggest these temperate valley bottom and lower valley slope soils have a mesic soil temperature regime. Soils within the subalpine zone were estimated to have a frigid temperature regime and sample sites were classified as Typic Haploborolls or Typic Ustochrepts, depending on parent material and degree of aeolian influence on epipedon properties. At elevations above 4600 m elevation under alpine sedge and forb turf, soils were classified as Typic Cryumbrepts. Soils above 4600 m elevation showed evidence of cryogenic soil structures (platy and fine subangular blocky) presumably formed as the result of extended periods (more than 300 days per year) of freezing and thawing and vein ice formation. Although permafrost may be expected to occur at depth at these elevations, no permafrost was observed within 2 m of the soil surface within the elevational range sampled. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Dans un secteur allant depuis le fond de la vallée de Lhasa, à 3700 m d'altitude, jusqu'aux zones subalpine (4200 à 4600 m) et alpine (>4600 m), les sols de l'Himalaya ont été décrits, échantillonnés et classés en utilisant la nomenclature des sols USDA. Les sols des plaines d'inondation actuelles ont été classés comme Aridic Ustifluvents ou, sur les pentes plus stables de la vallée et les terrasses fluviatiles, comme Aridic Ustochrepts. Des données limitées de température des sols suggèrent que ces fonds de vallée et les sols des pentes inférieures des vallées ont un régime moyen tempéré de température des sols. Des sols dans la zone subalpine ont été estimés comme ayant un régime de température froid et des sites échantillons ont été classés comme Typic Haploborolls ou Typic Ustochrepts, suivant le matériau d'origine et le degré d'influence éolienne sur les propriétés épipedons. A des altitudes supérieures à 4600 m, sous la pelouse et prairie alpine, les sols on été classés comme Typic Cryumbrepts. Des sols au dessus de 4600 m montrent des évidences de structures cryogéniques (lamellaires et en blocs subanguleux fins) probablement formées au moment de périodes importantes (plus de 300 jours par an) de gel et de dégel avec formation de lentilles de glace. Quoiqu'on puisse s'attendre à ce que le pergélisol soit présent en profondeur à ces altitudes, il n'a été observé nulle part jusqu'à 2 m de profondeur dans la zone qui a été étudiée. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • C. A. S. Smith & M. Clark & G. Broll & C. L. Ping & J. M. Kimble & G. Luo, 1999. "Characterization of selected soils from the Lhasa region of Qinghai–Xizang Plateau, SW China," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(3), pages 211-222, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:10:y:1999:i:3:p:211-222
    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199907/09)10:33.0.CO;2-F
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