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Auditor Face‐Work at the Annual General Meeting

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  • Gustav Johed
  • Bino Catasús

Abstract

This paper examines how auditors prepare for the annual general meeting (AGM) and how they report their work to the shareholders there. Prior literature has suggested—but not explicitly studied—that the endpoint of an audit is a state of comfort between the auditor and the management and audit committee members, but also is potentially fragile. The fragility can arise from a failure to relay trust to the investor community, which may initiate or increase doubts about the financial report and/or the auditor's independence. We build the case that an AGM is an event to study how the endpoint of an audit engagement is both a state of collective comfort and a fragile state. The analysis is based on ten interviews and three workshops with auditors as well as observations at 67 AGMs. To analyze the field material, the paper draws on Goffman's idea of face‐work, which requires backstage preparations, notably with management, and a front stage performance as an independent auditor to relay trust to the shareholders. The paper details how auditors at the AGM perform as independent verifiers of the management's financial report. Although we recorded that auditors were typically successful in preventing the backstage activities from becoming visible to the shareholders, we found incidents that challenged both the auditors' and the managements' face. In analyzing these incidents, we found that auditors reinforced their image as independent to regain both their own face and the management's face. The management did not take a similar collective responsibility for the auditor's face, which implies that auditors were asymmetrically committed to the management. As a take‐away, the paper discusses how governance mechanisms backstage are linked and can surface front stage at the AGM. Les auteurs se demandent comment les auditeurs se préparent à l'assemblée générale annuelle (AGA) et comment ils rendent compte de leur travail aux actionnaires présents. Sans avoir étudié expressément la question, des chercheurs ont laissé entendre, dans de précédentes études, qu'un audit devait engendrer in fine une situation de confiance entre l'auditeur et la direction de même les membres du comité d'audit, situation qui pouvait cependant être fragile. Cette fragilité peut résulter de l'incapacité à transmettre cette confiance à l'ensemble des investisseurs, ce qui risque d’éveiller des doutes au sujet de l'information financière et (ou) de l'indépendance de l'auditeur ou d'accentuer la méfiance. Les auteurs font valoir qu'une AGA est un événement approprié pour étudier en quoi la situation visée par une mission d'audit est à la fois une situation de confiance partagée et une condition fragile. L'analyse repose sur dix entrevues et trois ateliers avec des auditeurs, ainsi que sur les observations recueillies dans le cadre de 67 AGA. Pour analyser les renseignements colligés sur le terrain, les auteurs s'inspirent de ce que Goffman appelle l'interaction face à face, qui exige des préparatifs à l'arrière‐scène, notamment avec la direction, et une prestation face à face de l'auditeur, à titre indépendant, visant à transmettre cette confiance aux actionnaires. Les auteurs décrivent comment, lors de l’AGA, les auditeurs jouent leur rôle de vérificateurs indépendants de l'information financière communiquée par la direction. Bien qu'ils constatent que les efforts des auditeurs pour s'assurer que le travail d'arrière‐scène demeure invisible aux actionnaires sont généralement efficaces, ils notent que certains incidents ébranlent l'image des auditeurs et celle de la direction. Dans l'analyse de ces incidents, les auteurs relèvent que les auditeurs renforcent l'impression qu'ils dégagent à titre d'intervenants indépendants pour rehausser aussi bien leur propre image que celle de la direction. Cette dernière ne partage pas la même responsabilité à l’égard de l'image de l'auditeur, ce qui implique que l'engagement des auditeurs à l'endroit de la direction est asymétrique. Les auteurs proposent également une analyse du lien entre les mécanismes de gouvernance et le travail d'audit à l'arrière‐scène et de la façon dont ces mécanismes peuvent se manifester à l'avant‐scène, lors de l’AGA.

Suggested Citation

  • Gustav Johed & Bino Catasús, 2018. "Auditor Face‐Work at the Annual General Meeting," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(1), pages 365-393, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:35:y:2018:i:1:p:365-393
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12391
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    Cited by:

    1. Allee, Kristian D. & Do, Chuong & Sterin, Mikhail, 2021. "Product market competition, disclosure framing, and casting in earnings conference calls," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1).
    2. Dunne, Neil J. & Brennan, Niamh M. & Kirwan, Collette E., 2021. "Impression management and Big Four auditors: Scrutiny at a public inquiry," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    3. Ahblom, Per & Sjögren, Ebba, 2019. "Delivering performance: the capital market framing of financial numbers from a preparer perspective," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 102819, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Hanna Maria Sievinen & Tuuli Ikäheimonen & Timo Pihkala, 2022. "The role of dyadic interactions between CEOs, chairs and owners in family firm governance," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 26(1), pages 223-253, March.

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