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Development Cost Capitalization During R&D Races

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  • Anja De Waegenaere
  • Richard C. Sansing
  • Jacco L. Wielhouwer

Abstract

We investigate the economic effects of capitalizing development costs during a race between two firms to discover and develop a new technology. Winning the race requires success in the research stage and success in the development stage. Development costs are expensed in some settings, but capitalized in others. Capitalization of development costs provides a credible signal regarding progress in the race, allowing the rival to make a more informed decision regarding whether to proceed with development. We study the effects of this signal on the firms’ investment decisions and social welfare. We show that if both firms capitalize instead of expense development costs, aggregate investment in research weakly increases but aggregate investment in development weakly decreases. We also characterize the accounting policies that the two rival firms would adopt if they could freely choose either an expensing policy or a capitalization policy.Les auteurs se penchent sur les conséquences économiques de la comptabilisation à l'actif des frais de développement dans le cadre d'une course entre deux sociétés ayant pour but de découvrir et de développer une nouvelle technologie. La victoire exige le succès au stade de la recherche de même qu'au stade du développement. Les frais de développement sont passés en charges dans certaines situations, mais ils sont comptabilisés à l'actif dans d'autres cas. La comptabilisation à l'actif des frais de développement donne un signal crédible quant à l’évolution de la course, ce qui permet au rival de prendre une décision plus éclairée en ce qui a trait à l'opportunité de procéder au développement. Les auteurs étudient l'incidence de ce signal sur les décisions d'investissement des sociétés et le bien†être de la collectivité. Ils montrent que si les deux sociétés comptabilisent les frais de développement à l'actif plutôt que de les passer en charges, l'investissement agrégé dans la recherche croît légèrement, mais l'investissement agrégé dans le développement décroît légèrement. Les auteurs définissent également les méthodes comptables que les deux sociétés rivales adopteraient si elles pouvaient librement choisir soit une méthode de passation en charges soit une méthode de comptabilisation à l'actif.

Suggested Citation

  • Anja De Waegenaere & Richard C. Sansing & Jacco L. Wielhouwer, 2017. "Development Cost Capitalization During R&D Races," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(3), pages 1522-1546, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:34:y:2017:i:3:p:1522-1546
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12306
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