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Auditing Estimates in Financial Statements: A Case Study of a Fish Farm's Biological Asset

Author

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  • Camillo Lento
  • Merridee Bujaki
  • Wing Him Yeung

Abstract

Recent decades have witnessed an increase in the overall uncertainty inherent in financial statements. It is now common for the financial statements of a public company to include estimates with measurement uncertainties that exceed materiality. As a result, auditing students are now required to have a more profound understanding of (i) the impact of accounting estimates on risk assessment and (ii) the development of audit procedures to deal with accounting estimates. This case allows students to explore CAS 540 – Accounting Estimates by assuming the role of Atlantic Canada Aquaculture's (ACA's) auditor. ACA operates in Eastern Canada and is prohibited by Canadian regulations to catch and release the fish in their farm to determine their biological asset value. As a result, ACA developed a statistical model to determine the number and weight of the fish in their farm. The model is based on various estimates, such as water temperature, survival rates, and food quality. Students are required to explore the impacts of the model's estimates on the inherent risks in the financial statements and assess the reasonability of the model from an external auditor's perspective. The case also allows students to explore CAS 620 – Using the work of an Auditor's Expert and CAS 701 – Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditor's Report in the context of the audit of biological assets. Résumé Audit d'estimations contenues dans les états financiers : Étude de cas de l'actif biologique d'une ferme piscicole Nous avons assisté, au cours des dernières décennies, à une hausse de l'incertitude globale inhérente aux états financiers. Il est désormais fréquent que les états financiers d'une société ouverte contiennent des estimations faisant appel à des mesures auxquelles sont associées des incertitudes excédant le seuil de signification. C'est pourquoi les étudiants en audit doivent maintenant avoir une compréhension plus approfondie i) de l'incidence des estimations comptables sur l’évaluation du risque et ii) de l’élaboration de procédures d'audit destinées à traiter les estimations comptables. Le cas proposé permet aux étudiants d’étudier la NCA 540, Audit des estimations comptables, en jouant le rôle de l'auditeur d'Atlantic Canada Aquaculture. La société en question exerce ses activités dans l'est du Canada, et il lui est interdit par la réglementation canadienne de prendre le poisson et de le remettre à l'eau dans sa ferme afin de déterminer la valeur de son actif biologique. Atlantic Canada Aquaculture a donc mis au point un modèle statistique pour déterminer le nombre et le poids des poissons de sa ferme. Le modèle est basé sur diverses estimations, comme celles de la température de l'eau, des taux de survie et de la qualité des aliments. Les étudiants sont appelés à explorer l'incidence des estimations du modèle sur les risques inhérents des états financiers et à évaluer le caractère raisonnable du modèle du point de vue d'un auditeur externe. Le cas permet également aux étudiants de se pencher sur la NCA 620, Utilisation par l'auditeur des travaux d'un expert de son choix, et la NCA 701, Communication des questions clés de l'audit dans le rapport de l'auditeur indépendant, dans le contexte de l'audit d'actifs biologiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Camillo Lento & Merridee Bujaki & Wing Him Yeung, 2018. "Auditing Estimates in Financial Statements: A Case Study of a Fish Farm's Biological Asset," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), pages 453-462, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:17:y:2018:i:3:p:453-462
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12179
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