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El enfoque financiero vs. el enfoque social del microcrédito. Un análisis comparativo mundial
[The financial vs. the social approach of microfinance. A comparative global analysis]

Author

Listed:
  • Gemma Cairó i Céspedes

    (Universitat de Barcelona.)

  • Luz Karime Gómez González

    (Universitat de Barcelona.)

Abstract

La oferta del microcrédito por parte de las instituciones microfinancieras distingue dos enfoques, el llamado “alivio de la pobreza” y el de “autosostenibilidad financiera”. En este trabajo se hace una comparativa mundial de cuatro regiones de países en vías de desarrollo con el fin de identificar bajo qué enfoque la población accede al microcrédito y a su vez verificar si existe un trade off entre ambos enfoques. Para su contrastación se han utilizado diez indicadores financieros y sociales clasificados en dos categorías, la sostenibilidad financiera y el alcance (nivel de pobreza). Los resultados obtenidos concluyen que el modelo financiero se presenta con más notoriedad en las regiones de América Latina y el Caribe y Oriente Medio/África del Norte mientras que en África prevalece el modelo social y en la región de Asia Meridional se aprecia un equilibrio entre ambos enfoques. Igualmente, se constata la contribución al alivio de la pobreza cuando el acceso del microcrédito se dirige mayoritariamente a la mujer.

Suggested Citation

  • Gemma Cairó i Céspedes & Luz Karime Gómez González, 2015. "El enfoque financiero vs. el enfoque social del microcrédito. Un análisis comparativo mundial [The financial vs. the social approach of microfinance. A comparative global analysis]," REVESCO: Revista de estudios cooperativos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos, issue 118, pages 30-59.
  • Handle: RePEc:ucm:reveco:y:2015:i:118:p:31-59
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Microcrédito; Pobreza; Sostenibilidad financiera; Desarrollo.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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