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Endogenous Vertical Differentiation, Variety, and the Unequal Gains from Trade

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  • Gunnar Heins

    (University of Florida)

Abstract

How unequal are the gains from trade? This paper develops a structural framework to quantify the consequences of international trade on welfare of consumers across the income distribution, allowing for nonhomothetic demand and endogenous quality choices by firms. Using random coefficients demand estimation techniques, I infer demand and supply parameters, as well as household-specific price indexes for more than 3,000 distinct industries and find the gains from trade to be moderately unequal except in wealthier and small economies. Further, not accounting for endogenous vertical differentiation would overstate the impact of trade on cost-of-living inequality by close to 50%.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunnar Heins, 2023. "Endogenous Vertical Differentiation, Variety, and the Unequal Gains from Trade," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(4), pages 910-930, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:tpr:restat:v:105:y:2023:i:4:p:910-930
    DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01112
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