IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/rjapxx/v17y2012i3p367-382.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

International trade openness and gender gaps in Pakistani labor force participation rates over 57 years

Author

Listed:
  • Asma Hyder
  • Jere Behrman

Abstract

The extent of openness to international trade may alter incentives differentially by gender for labor force participation, particularly in economies in which gender differentials in human capital investments such as schooling are large and in which norms about gender behaviors are strong. This paper uses historical census data since 1951 and two recent Labor Force Surveys to investigate the impact of international trade openness on gender differences in labor force participation rates in broad occupational categories in Pakistan. The method used controls for average gender differences in these occupational categories and the unobserved factors that affect male and female labor force participation rates equally. The estimates indicate that increased international trade significantly reduces the gap between male and female labor force participation on average across all occupations. However, if responses are allowed to vary across seven broad occupational categories, the estimates suggest that the significant relative increases in female labor force participation are concentrated in agriculture and other primary occupations.

Suggested Citation

  • Asma Hyder & Jere Behrman, 2012. "International trade openness and gender gaps in Pakistani labor force participation rates over 57 years," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 367-382.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjapxx:v:17:y:2012:i:3:p:367-382
    DOI: 10.1080/13547860.2012.694684
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/13547860.2012.694684
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/13547860.2012.694684?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ismaël Fofana & John Cockburn & Bernard Decaluwé, 2005. "Developing Country Superwomen: Impacts of Trade Liberalisation on Female Market and Domestic Work," Cahiers de recherche 0519, CIRPEE.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Aboohamidi, Abbas & Chidmi, Benaissa, 2013. "Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan and Some MENA Countries," 2013 Annual Meeting, February 2-5, 2013, Orlando, Florida 143097, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    2. Pamela E. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2021. "The Synergy between Governance and Economic Integration in Promoting Female Economic Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers 21/071, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    3. Pamela E. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2023. "The Synergy between Governance and Trade Openness in Promoting Female Economic Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers 23/001, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    4. Farha Fatema & Zhaohua Li & Mohammad Monirul Islam, 2017. "Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in Emerging Economies - from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 7(11), pages 1075-1092, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ramos Mabugu & Margaret Chitiga, 2009. "Liberalising Trade In South Africa: A Survey Of Computable General Equilibrium Studies," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 77(3), pages 445-464, September.
    2. Escalante, Luis Enrique & Maisonnave, Helene, 2022. "Impacts of climate disasters on women and food security in Bolivia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. repec:ilo:ilowps:427404 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2016. "Gender Gap and Trade Liberalization: An Analysis of some selected SAARC countries," MPRA Paper 83520, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Wabenga Yango, James, 2011. "La CEPGL et l'économie de la R.D.Congo: Une analyse en équilibre général calculable [The ECGL and the DR, CONGO economy: a computable general equilibrium analysis]," MPRA Paper 65172, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Jan 2014.
    6. Lofgren, Hans & Fontana, Marzia & Kim, Kijong, 2018. "Care in an Aging East Asian Economy: Policy options and impacts on households and labor markets," Conference papers 333004, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    7. Vo, Thang T. & Ha, Truong Thiet, 2021. "Decomposition of gender bias in enterprise employment: Insights from Vietnam," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 182-194.
    8. Cicowiez, Martin, 2018. "Time Use and the Care Economy in Latin America: A General Equilibrium Analysis," Conference papers 332950, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    9. Paudel, Bikash & Pandit, Januka & Reed, Brinton, 2013. "Fragmentation and conversion of agriculture land in Nepal and Land Use Policy 2012," MPRA Paper 58880, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:taf:rjapxx:v:17:y:2012:i:3:p:367-382. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Longhurst (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.tandfonline.com/rjap .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.