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Federal Environmental Policy and Local Industrial Diversification: The Case of the Clean Air Act

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  • Douglas Carr
  • Wenli Yan

Abstract

Carr D. and Yan W. Federal environmental policy and local industrial diversification: the case of the Clean Air Act, Regional Studies . Air-quality regulations under the Clean Air Act alter local industrial diversification by reducing concentration in polluting sectors of the economy for non-attainment areas. Using comprehensive county-level data covering the entire United States over a period of twenty-six years, this study finds an important connection between air-quality regulations and local industrial diversification in both non-attainment areas and jurisdictions that have gained attainment status. Non-attainment status for ozone, carbon monoxide (CO) or sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) brings about significant decreases in local industrial specialization. Furthermore, these effects persist after attainment status has been gained for ozone, carbon monoxide, or sulphur dioxide. Carr D. et Yan W. La politique f�d�rale pour l'environnement et la diversification industrielle locale: �tude de cas de la loi antipollution, Regional Studies . Les dispositions r�glementaires pour la qualit� de l'air, conform�ment à la loi antipollution, modifient la diversification industrielle locale en r�duisant la concentration des secteurs polluants de l'�conomie dans les zones qui ne r�alisent pas les cibles d'acquisition. A partir des donn�es globales recueillies au niveau du comt� et qui traitent des Etats-Unis entiers sur une p�riode de vingt-six ann�es, il s'avère un lien important entre les dispositions r�glementaires pour la qualit� de l'air et la diversification industrielle locale à la fois dans les zones qui n'ont pas r�alis� les cibles d'acquisition et dans les circonscriptions qui les ont r�alis�es. Là où l'on n'a pas r�alis� les cibles d'acquisition pour ce qui est de l'ozone, du monoxide de carbone (CO), de l'anhydride sulfureux (SO2), cela entraîne d'importantes baisses de la sp�cialisation industrielle locale. Qui plus est, ces effets persistent une fois r�alis� les cibles d'acquisition pour ce qui concerne l'ozone, le monoxide de carbone, ou l'anhydride sulfureux. Diversification industrielle G�ographie �conomique Loi antipollution Politique pour l'environnement Sp�cialisation Economie urbaine Carr D. und Yan W. Umweltpolitik und lokale industrielle Diversifizierung auf Bundesebene in den USA: der Fall des Clean Air Act, Regional Studies . Aufgrund der Luftreinhaltungsvorschriften des Clean Air Act ändert sich für Gebiete, die die Vorschriften nicht einhalten, die lokale industrielle Diversifizierung durch eine Verringerung der Konzentration in umweltbelastenden Wirtschaftssektoren. Mit Hilfe von umfangreichen Daten auf Bezirksebene für die gesamten USA während eines Zeitraums von 26 Jahren wird in dieser Studie ein wichtiger Zusammenhang zwischen den Luftreinhaltungsvorschriften und der lokalen industriellen Diversifizierung festgestellt, was sowohl für Gebiete gilt, die die Vorschriften nicht einhalten, als auch für Gebiete mit Einhaltungsstatus. Ein Nichteinhaltungsstatus für Ozon, Kohlenmonoxid (CO) oder Schwefeldioxid (SO 2 ) führt zu einer signifikanten Abnahme der lokalen industriellen Spezialisierung. Darüber hinaus halten diese Effekte auch an, wenn für Ozon, Kohlenmonoxid oder Schwefeldioxid ein Einhaltungsstatus erzielt wurde. Industrielle Diversifizierung Wirtschaftsgeografie Clean Air Act Umweltpolitik Spezialisierung Urbane Ökonomie Carr D. y Yan W. Pol�ticas medioambientales federales y la diversificación industrial local: el caso de la Ley de Aire Limpio, Regional Studies . Las normas de calidad del aire según la Ley de Aire Limpio (Clean Air Act) alteran la diversificación industrial a nivel local reduciendo la concentración en los sectores contaminantes de la econom�a para áreas de no cumplimiento. Con ayuda de exhaustivos datos de condados que abarcan todo Estados Unidos durante un periodo de veintis�is años, en este estudio observamos una conexión importante entre las regulaciones de la calidad del aire y la diversificación industrial a nivel local en áreas de no cumplimiento y en jurisdicciones que han adquirido un estatus de cumplimiento. El estatus de no cumplimiento para el ozono, el monóxido de carbono (CO) o el dióxido de azufre (SO 2 ) lleva a reducciones considerables en la especialización industrial local. Asimismo estos efectos persisten tras obtener un estatus de cumplimiento para el ozono, el monóxido de carbono o el dióxido de azufre. Diversificación industrial Geograf�a económica Ley de Aire Limpio Pol�tica medioambiental Especialización Econom�a urbana

Suggested Citation

  • Douglas Carr & Wenli Yan, 2012. "Federal Environmental Policy and Local Industrial Diversification: The Case of the Clean Air Act," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(5), pages 639-649, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:46:y:2012:i:5:p:639-649
    DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2010.509131
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    Cited by:

    1. Wenli Yan & Douglas A. Carr, 2013. "Federal Environmental Regulation Impacts on Local Economic Growth and Stability," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 27(3), pages 179-192, August.
    2. Glenn Sheriff & Ann E. Ferris & Ronald J. Shadbegian, 2015. "How Did Air Quality Standards Affect Employment at U.S. Power Plants? The Importance of Stringency, Geography, and Timing," NCEE Working Paper Series 201501, National Center for Environmental Economics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, revised May 2015.

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