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Co-evolution of the Finnish National and Local Innovation and Science Arenas: Towards a Dynamic Understanding of Multi-level Governance

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  • Markku Sotarauta
  • Mika Kautonen

Abstract

Sotarauta M. and Kautonen M. (2007) Co-evolution of the Finnish national and local innovation and science arenas: towards a dynamic understanding of multi-level governance, Regional Studies 41, 1085-1098. In Finland, science policy is in the hands of central government and regions/localities do not directly have any say in the formulation of science policies. However, Finnish city-regions have influenced national science policies indirectly and the interaction of national and local policies has unfolded in time in innovation and science arenas. This paper aims to provide answers to the following questions: (1) how has the institutional basis for science and innovation evolved in Finland over the past 50 years, especially in three Finnish city-regions; (2) which have been the main actors in the evolution of institutional capacity and what have their main strategies been; (3) how have national and local policies and developments co-evolved over time? The article focuses particularly on how different policies, local and national, have co-evolved in the context of multi-level governance. Sotarauta M. et Kautonen M. (2007) L'evolution simultanee dans les domaines de l'innovation nationale et locale et de la science finlandaises: vers une comprehension dynamique de la gouvernance a plusieurs niveaux, Regional Studies 41, 1085-1098. En Finlande, la politique scientifique est entre les mains du gouvernement central, et les regions n'ont pas directement leur mot a dire dans la mise au point des politiques scientifiques. Cependant, les cites-regions finlandaises ont indirectement eu une incidence sur les politiques scientifiques nationales, et l'interaction des politiques nationales et locales se sont devoilees sur le temps dans les domaines de l'innovation et de la science. Cet article cherche a fournir une reponse aux questions suivantes: (1) comment la base institutionnelle en faveur de la science et de l'innovation evolue-t-elle en Finlande depuis les 50 dernieres annees, surtout en trois cites-regions finlandaises; (2) qui ont-ete les principaux agents dans l'evolution de la capacite institutionnelle et quelles ont-ete leurs principales strategies; (3) comment les politiques et developpements nationaux et locaux ont-elles evolue simultanement sur le temps? L'article porte notamment sur comment les differentes politiques, a la fois locales et nationales, ont evolue simultanement dans le cadre de la gouvernance a plusieurs niveaux. Politique scientifique Gouvernance Systeme d'innovation Evolution simultanee Amenagement du territoire Politique d'innovation Finlande Sotarauta M. und Kautonen M. (2007) Koevolution der nationalen und lokalen Innovations- und Wissenschaftsarenen in Finnland: Versuch eines dynamischen Verstandnisses der mehrschichtigen Regierungsfuhrung, Regional Studies 41, 1085-1098. In Finnland liegt die Wissenschaftspolitik in den Handen der Zentralregierung; die Regionen und Gemeinden haben keinen direkten Einfluss auf die Ausarbeitung der Wissenschaftspolitiken. Allerdings haben die finnischen Stadtregionen einen indirekten Einfluss auf die nationalen Wissenschaftspolitiken ausgeubt, und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den nationalen und lokalen Politiken haben sich in den Arenen der Innovation und Wissenschaft entfaltet. In diesem Beitrag werden Antworten zu den folgenden Fragen gesucht: (1) wie hat sich die institutionelle Basis fur Wissenschaft und Innovation in den letzten 50 Jahren in Finnland weiterentwickelt, insbesondere in den drei untersuchten finnischen Stadtregionen, (2) welche Hauptakteure waren an der Evolution der institutionellen Kapazitat beteiligt und welche Hauptstrategien verfolgten sie, und (3) wie haben sich die nationalen und lokalen Politiken und Veranderungen im Laufe der Zeit gemeinsam weiterentwickelt? Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt des Artikels liegt in der Frage, wie sich verschiedene lokale und nationale Politiken im Kontext der mehrschichtigen Regierungsfuhrung gemeinsam weiterentwickelt haben. Wissenschaftspolitik Regierungsfuhrung Innovationssystem Koevolution Regionalentwicklung Innovationspolitik Finnland Sotarauta M. y Kautonen M. (2007) Coevolucion en los campos cientificos y de innovacion nacional y local en Finlandia: Hacia una comprension dinamica de un gobierno multinivel, Regional Studies 41, 1085-1098. En Finlandia la politica cientifica esta en manos del Gobierno central y las regiones o comunidades no tienen ninguna influencia directa en la formulacion de las politicas cientificas. Sin embargo, las ciudades region finlandesas han influido indirectamente en las politicas cientificas nacionales, y con el tiempo la interaccion de las politicas nacionales y locales se ha desarrollado en campos de innovacion y ciencia. La finalidad de este articulo es responder a las siguientes preguntas: (1) como han progresado las bases institucionales para la ciencia y la innovacion en Finlandia en los ultimos 50 anos, especialmente en los ejemplos de las tres ciudades region finlandesas en este estudio; (2) quienes han sido los principales protagonistas en la evolucion de la capacidad institucional y cuales han sido sus estrategias mas importantes; (3) como han progresado las politicas nacionales y locales y los desarrollos con el paso del tiempo? En este articulo prestamos especial atencion a como han avanzado las diferentes politicas locales y nacionales en el contexto de un gobierno multinivel. Politica cientifica Gobernanza Sistema de innovacion Coevolucion Desarrollo regional Politica de innovacion Finlandia

Suggested Citation

  • Markku Sotarauta & Mika Kautonen, 2007. "Co-evolution of the Finnish National and Local Innovation and Science Arenas: Towards a Dynamic Understanding of Multi-level Governance," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(8), pages 1085-1098.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:41:y:2007:i:8:p:1085-1098
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400701292284
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    Cited by:

    1. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Junichi Nishimura, 2021. "Effects of multilevel policy mix of public R&D subsidies: Empirical evidence from Japanese local SMEs [The Impact of R&D Subsidies on R&D Employment Composition]," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 48(6), pages 829-840.
    2. Roger Normann & Hans Chr Garmann Johnsen, 2013. "Developing the ‘third place’: the collaborative roles of universities in territorial knowledge creation," Chapters, in: Roger Sugden & Marcela Valania & James R. Wilson (ed.), Leadership and Cooperation in Academia, chapter 13, pages 197-215, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Takano, Keisuke & Okamuro, Hiroyuki, 2019. "Local R&D support as a driver of network diversification? A comparative evaluation of innovation policies in neighboring prefectures in Japan," TDB-CAREE Discussion Paper Series E-2019-02, Teikoku Databank Center for Advanced Empirical Research on Enterprise and Economy, Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University.
    4. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Junichi Nishimura, 2020. "What Shapes Local Innovation Policies? Empirical Evidence from Japanese Cities," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Hyungjoo Kim & Yong-Sook Lee & Hye-Ran Hwang, 2014. "Regionalization of Planned S&T Parks: The Case of Daedeok S&T Park in Daejeon, South Korea," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 32(5), pages 843-862, October.
    6. Mohammad S. Khorsheed, 2017. "Learning from Global Pacesetters to Build the Country Innovation Ecosystem," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(1), pages 177-196, March.
    7. Catalá-Pérez, Daniel & Rask, Mikko & de-Miguel-Molina, María, 2020. "The Demola model as a public policy tool boosting collaboration in innovation: A comparative study between Finland and Spain," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    8. Markku Sotarauta & Riina Pulkkinen, 2011. "Institutional Entrepreneurship for Knowledge Regions: In Search of a Fresh Set of Questions for Regional Innovation Studies," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 29(1), pages 96-112, February.
    9. Enrico Bonetti & Michele Simoni, 2017. "Introduction. New frontiers for competition: Outcomes from the 13th CIRCLE International conference," MERCATI & COMPETITIVIT?, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2017(1), pages 15-27.
    10. Markku Sotarauta, 2012. "Policy Learning and the ‘Cluster-Flavoured Innovation Policy’ in Finland," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 30(5), pages 780-795, October.
    11. Marian Negoita, 2014. "Globalization, state, and innovation: An appraisal of networked industrial policy," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(3), pages 371-393, September.
    12. Guan, Jiancheng & Zhang, Jingjing & Yan, Yan, 2015. "The impact of multilevel networks on innovation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 545-559.
    13. Teemu Makkonen & Adi Weidenfeld & Allan M. Williams, 2017. "Cross-Border Regional Innovation System Integration: An Analytical Framework," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 108(6), pages 805-820, December.
    14. Sabine Menu, 2012. "The Role of Cluster Policy on Leadership: Evidence from Two Pôles De Compétitivité," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 30(5), pages 816-834, October.
    15. Saarivirta, Toni & Consoli, Davide, 2007. "Where Did They Go? A Study on Newly Established Universities and Graduate Mobility in Finland," MPRA Paper 11377, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Mete Basar Baypinar, 2016. "Evolution of ICT and software industry: Crisis, resilience and the role of emerging clusters," ERSA conference papers ersa16p232, European Regional Science Association.

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