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Economics of capital adjustment in the US commercial banks: empirical analysis

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  • Faisal Abbas
  • Shoaib Ali
  • Ghulame Rubbaniy

Abstract

Using GMM framework on the data of the US commercial banks spanning over 2002 to 2018, this study shows that banks adjust their regulatory capital ratios faster than traditional capital ratios. Our results show that the speed of adjustment of regulatory capital ratios and traditional capital ratios increases in bank capital adequacy and bank liquidity, respectively. We also find that the speed of adjustment of regulatory capital ratios of too-big-to-fail banks is lower than well-capitalized, adequately-capitalized, nationally-chartered, and state-chartered banks. In addition, the speed of adjustment of regulatory capital ratios of commercial banks is higher in the post-crisis period than the pre-crisis era. Although scholars suggest that adjustment of capital ratios through rebalancing liabilities is more beneficial to the banks, our findings show that banks also use their assets side of balance sheet to rebalance their capital ratios.

Suggested Citation

  • Faisal Abbas & Shoaib Ali & Ghulame Rubbaniy, 2021. "Economics of capital adjustment in the US commercial banks: empirical analysis," Journal of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1), pages 71-90, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:recsxx:v:24:y:2021:i:1:p:71-90
    DOI: 10.1080/15140326.2021.1881877
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    Cited by:

    1. Faisal Abbas & Zahid Irshad Younas, 2021. "How Do Bank Capital and Capital Buffer Affect Risk: Empirical Evidence from Large US Commercial Banks," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 10(2), pages 109-131.
    2. Gopane, Thabo J. & Gandanhamo, Tanyaradzwa & Mabejane, John-Baptiste, 2023. "Technology firms and capital structure adjustment: Application of two-step system generalised method of moments," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 70, pages 34-54.
    3. Faisal Abbas, 2023. "Adjustment of Bank Capital Ratios: New Evidence From Commercial Banks," International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting (IJCFA), IGI Global, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Ghulame Rubbaniy & Ali Awais Khalid & Stathis Polyzos & Balqees Naser Almessabi, 2022. "Cyclicality of capital adequacy ratios in heterogeneous environment: A nonlinear panel smooth transition regression explanation," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 1960-1979, September.
    5. Faisal Abbas & Shoaib Ali, 2022. "Is Economic Freedom a Moderator of the Relationship Between Bank Capital and Profitability?," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business (continues Analele Stiintifice), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 69(2), pages 273-292, June.

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